harka

See also: härkä, Härkä, and hark'a

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse harka, harðka, from harðr (“hard”) ( > Icelandic harður) + -ka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhar̥ka/
• Rhymes: -ar̥ka

Noun

harka f (genitive singular hörku, nominative plural hörkur)

1. hardness
2. hardness, austerity, severity
3. hardiness, toughness

Declension

declension of harka

f-w1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	harka	harkan	hörkur	hörkurnar
accusative	hörku	hörkuna	hörkur	hörkurnar
dative	hörku	hörkunni	hörkum	hörkunum
genitive	hörku	hörkunnar	harka	harkanna

Derived terms

• beita hörku
• hleypa í sig hörku
• sýna af sér hörku
• sýna hörku

Verb

harka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative harkaði, supine harkað)

1. (transitive, governs the accusative) to toughen

Usage notes

• Mainly used in set phrases.

Conjugation

harka — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að harka
supine (sagnbót)		harkað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		harkandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég harka	við hörkum	present (nútíð)	ég harki	við hörkum
	þú harkar	þið harkið		þú harkir	þið harkið
	hann, hún, það harkar	þeir, þær, þau harka		hann, hún, það harki	þeir, þær, þau harki
past (þátíð)	ég harkaði	við hörkuðum	past (þátíð)	ég harkaði	við hörkuðum
	þú harkaðir	þið hörkuðuð		þú harkaðir	þið hörkuðuð
	hann, hún, það harkaði	þeir, þær, þau hörkuðu		hann, hún, það harkaði	þeir, þær, þau hörkuðu
imperative (boðháttur)	harka (þú)	harkið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	harkaðu	harkiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

Derived terms

• harka af sér (“to bear up, endure”)
• harka saman (synonymous, skrapa saman)
• harka sig upp

See also

• láta ekki á sig bíta

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Old Norse

Alternative forms

• harðka

Etymology

From harðr (“hard”) + -ka.

Noun

harka f

1. hardness
2. hardiness, toughness

Descendants

• Icelandic: harka f

References

• “harka”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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Quechua

Noun

harka

1. Alternative spelling of hark'a

Declension

declension of harka

	singular	plural
nominative	harka	harkakuna
accusative	harkata	harkakunata
dative	harkaman	harkakunaman
genitive	harkap	harkakunap
locative	harkapi	harkakunapi
terminative	harkakama	harkakunakama
ablative	harkamanta	harkakunamanta
instrumental	harkawan	harkakunawan
comitative	harkantin	harkakunantin
abessive	harkannaq	harkakunannaq
comparative	harkahina	harkakunahina
causative	harkarayku	harkakunarayku
benefactive	harkapaq	harkakunapaq
associative	harkapura	harkakunapura
distributive	harkanka	harkakunanka
exclusive	harkalla	harkakunalla

possessive forms of harka

ñuqap - first-person singular

ñuqap (my)	singular	plural
nominative	harkay	harkaykuna
accusative	harkayta	harkaykunata
dative	harkayman	harkaykunaman
genitive	harkaypa	harkaykunap
locative	harkaypi	harkaykunapi
terminative	harkaykama	harkaykunakama
ablative	harkaymanta	harkaykunamanta
instrumental	harkaywan	harkaykunawan
comitative	harkaynintin	harkaykunantin
abessive	harkayninnaq	harkaykunannaq
comparative	harkayhina	harkaykunahina
causative	harkayrayku	harkaykunarayku
benefactive	harkaypaq	harkaykunapaq
associative	harkaypura	harkaykunapura
distributive	harkayninka	harkaykunanka
exclusive	harkaylla	harkaykunalla

qampa - second-person singular

qampa (your)	singular	plural
nominative	harkayki	harkaykikuna
accusative	harkaykita	harkaykikunata
dative	harkaykiman	harkaykikunaman
genitive	harkaykipa	harkaykikunap
locative	harkaykipi	harkaykikunapi
terminative	harkaykikama	harkaykikunakama
ablative	harkaykimanta	harkaykikunamanta
instrumental	harkaykiwan	harkaykikunawan
comitative	harkaykintin	harkaykikunantin
abessive	harkaykinnaq	harkaykikunannaq
comparative	harkaykihina	harkaykikunahina
causative	harkaykirayku	harkaykikunarayku
benefactive	harkaykipaq	harkaykikunapaq
associative	harkaykipura	harkaykikunapura
distributive	harkaykinka	harkaykikunanka
exclusive	harkaykilla	harkaykikunalla

paypa - third-person singular

paypa (his/her/its)	singular	plural
nominative	harkan	harkankuna
accusative	harkanta	harkankunata
dative	harkanman	harkankunaman
genitive	harkanpa	harkankunap
locative	harkanpi	harkankunapi
terminative	harkankama	harkankunakama
ablative	harkanmanta	harkankunamanta
instrumental	harkanwan	harkankunawan
comitative	harkanintin	harkankunantin
abessive	harkanninnaq	harkankunannaq
comparative	harkanhina	harkankunahina
causative	harkanrayku	harkankunarayku
benefactive	harkanpaq	harkankunapaq
associative	harkanpura	harkankunapura
distributive	harkaninka	harkankunanka
exclusive	harkanlla	harkankunalla

ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural

ñuqanchikpa (our(incl))	singular	plural
nominative	harkanchik	harkanchikkuna
accusative	harkanchikta	harkanchikkunata
dative	harkanchikman	harkanchikkunaman
genitive	harkanchikpa	harkanchikkunap
locative	harkanchikpi	harkanchikkunapi
terminative	harkanchikkama	harkanchikkunakama
ablative	harkanchikmanta	harkanchikkunamanta
instrumental	harkanchikwan	harkanchikkunawan
comitative	harkanchiknintin	harkanchikkunantin
abessive	harkanchikninnaq	harkanchikkunannaq
comparative	harkanchikhina	harkanchikkunahina
causative	harkanchikrayku	harkanchikkunarayku
benefactive	harkanchikpaq	harkanchikkunapaq
associative	harkanchikpura	harkanchikkunapura
distributive	harkanchikninka	harkanchikkunanka
exclusive	harkanchiklla	harkanchikkunalla

ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural

ñuqaykup (our(excl))	singular	plural
nominative	harkayku	harkaykukuna
accusative	harkaykuta	harkaykukunata
dative	harkaykuman	harkaykukunaman
genitive	harkaykupa	harkaykukunap
locative	harkaykupi	harkaykukunapi
terminative	harkaykukama	harkaykukunakama
ablative	harkaykumanta	harkaykukunamanta
instrumental	harkaykuwan	harkaykukunawan
comitative	harkaykuntin	harkaykukunantin
abessive	harkaykunnaq	harkaykukunannaq
comparative	harkaykuhina	harkaykukunahina
causative	harkaykurayku	harkaykukunarayku
benefactive	harkaykupaq	harkaykukunapaq
associative	harkaykupura	harkaykukunapura
distributive	harkaykunka	harkaykukunanka
exclusive	harkaykulla	harkaykukunalla

qamkunap - second-person plural

qamkunap (your(pl))	singular	plural
nominative	harkaykichik	harkaykichikkuna
accusative	harkaykichikta	harkaykichikkunata
dative	harkaykichikman	harkaykichikkunaman
genitive	harkaykichikpa	harkaykichikkunap
locative	harkaykichikpi	harkaykichikkunapi
terminative	harkaykichikkama	harkaykichikkunakama
ablative	harkaykichikmanta	harkaykichikkunamanta
instrumental	harkaykichikwan	harkaykichikkunawan
comitative	harkaykichiknintin	harkaykichikkunantin
abessive	harkaykichikninnaq	harkaykichikkunannaq
comparative	harkaykichikhina	harkaykichikkunahina
causative	harkaykichikrayku	harkaykichikkunarayku
benefactive	harkaykichikpaq	harkaykichikkunapaq
associative	harkaykichikpura	harkaykichikkunapura
distributive	harkaykichikninka	harkaykichikkunanka
exclusive	harkaykichiklla	harkaykichikkunalla

paykunap - third-person plural

paykunap (their)	singular	plural
nominative	harkanku	harkankukuna
accusative	harkankuta	harkankukunata
dative	harkankuman	harkankukunaman
genitive	harkankupa	harkankukunap
locative	harkankupi	harkankukunapi
terminative	harkankukama	harkankukunakama
ablative	harkankumanta	harkankukunamanta
instrumental	harkankuwan	harkankukunawan
comitative	harkankuntin	harkankukunantin
abessive	harkankunnaq	harkankukunannaq
comparative	harkankuhina	harkankukunahina
causative	harkankurayku	harkankukunarayku
benefactive	harkankupaq	harkankukunapaq
associative	harkankupura	harkankukunapura
distributive	harkankunka	harkankukunanka
exclusive	harkankulla	harkankukunalla