heurter
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Middle French heurter, from Old French hurter (“to ram into, strike, collide with”), from Frankish *hūrt (“a battering ram”), from Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną, *hreutaną (“to fall, beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *krew- (“to fall, beat, smash, strike, break”). Cognate with Dutch horten (“to push against, strike”), Middle Low German hurten (“to run at, collide with”), Old Norse hrútr (“battering ram”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (aspirated h) IPA(key): /œʁ.te/
Audio: (file) Audio (France (Paris)): (file) Audio (France (Toulouse)): (file) Audio (France (Vosges)): (file) Audio (France (Massy)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file) - Rhymes: -e
- Homophones: heurtai, heurté, heurtée, heurtées, heurtés, heurtez
Verb
[edit]heurter
- to strike, hit
- to clash, conflict with
- (reflexive) to crash, collide (together)
- (reflexive, of opinions) to clash
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of heurter (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | heurter | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | heurtant /œʁ.tɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | heurté /œʁ.te/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | heurte /œʁt/ |
heurtes /œʁt/ |
heurte /œʁt/ |
heurtons /œʁ.tɔ̃/ |
heurtez /œʁ.te/ |
heurtent /œʁt/ |
| imperfect | heurtais /œʁ.tɛ/ |
heurtais /œʁ.tɛ/ |
heurtait /œʁ.tɛ/ |
heurtions /œʁ.tjɔ̃/ |
heurtiez /œʁ.tje/ |
heurtaient /œʁ.tɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | heurtai /œʁ.te/ |
heurtas /œʁ.ta/ |
heurta /œʁ.ta/ |
heurtâmes /œʁ.tam/ |
heurtâtes /œʁ.tat/ |
heurtèrent /œʁ.tɛʁ/ | |
| future | heurterai /œʁ.tə.ʁe/ |
heurteras /œʁ.tə.ʁa/ |
heurtera /œʁ.tə.ʁa/ |
heurterons /œʁ.tə.ʁɔ̃/ |
heurterez /œʁ.tə.ʁe/ |
heurteront /œʁ.tə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | heurterais /œʁ.tə.ʁɛ/ |
heurterais /œʁ.tə.ʁɛ/ |
heurterait /œʁ.tə.ʁɛ/ |
heurterions /œʁ.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
heurteriez /œʁ.tə.ʁje/ |
heurteraient /œʁ.tə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | heurte /œʁt/ |
heurtes /œʁt/ |
heurte /œʁt/ |
heurtions /œʁ.tjɔ̃/ |
heurtiez /œʁ.tje/ |
heurtent /œʁt/ |
| imperfect2 | heurtasse /œʁ.tas/ |
heurtasses /œʁ.tas/ |
heurtât /œʁ.ta/ |
heurtassions /œʁ.ta.sjɔ̃/ |
heurtassiez /œʁ.ta.sje/ |
heurtassent /œʁ.tas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | heurte /œʁt/ |
— | heurtons /œʁ.tɔ̃/ |
heurtez /œʁ.te/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “heurter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
Middle French
[edit]Verb
[edit]heurter
- (reflexive, se heurter) to collide (with something)
- 1488, Jean Dupré, Lancelot du Lac, page 39:
- si se heurta si durement a une pierre qu'il se fist une grande playe en la teste
- then he collided with such a force into a stone that he gave himself a large wound on his head
Conjugation
[edit]- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of heurter
| infinitive | simple | heurter | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | heurtant | |||||
| compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | heurté | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | heurte | heurtes | heurte | heurtons | heurtez | heurtent |
| imperfect | heurtois, heurtoys | heurtois, heurtoys | heurtoit, heurtoyt | heurtions, heurtyons | heurtiez, heurtyez | heurtoient, heurtoyent | |
| past historic | heurta | heurtas | heurta | heurtasmes | heurtastes | heurterent | |
| future | heurterai, heurteray | heurteras | heurtera | heurterons | heurterez | heurteront | |
| conditional | heurterois, heurteroys | heurterois, heurteroys | heurteroit, heurteroyt | heurterions, heurteryons | heurteriez, heurteryez | heurteroient, heurteroyent | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | heurte | heurtes | heurte | heurtons | heurtez | heurtent |
| imperfect | heurtasse | heurtasses | heurtast | heurtassions | heurtassiez | heurtassent | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | heurte | — | heurtons | heurtez | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
| 2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). | |||||||
Norman
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old French hurter (“to ram into, strike, collide with”), from Frankish *hūrt (“a battering ram”), from Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną (“to fall, beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *krow- (“to fall, beat, break”).
Verb
[edit]heurter
Categories:
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms derived from Frankish
- French terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- French terms with aspirated h
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:French/e
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French reflexive verbs
- French verbs with conjugation -er
- French first group verbs
- fr:Violence
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French verbs
- Middle French reflexive verbs
- Middle French terms with quotations
- Middle French first group verbs
- Norman terms derived from Old French
- Norman terms derived from Frankish
- Norman terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norman terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norman lemmas
- Norman verbs
- Jersey Norman