hndwk'ʾn

Middle Persian

Etymology

From hndwk' (Hindūg, “an Indian”), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (h-i-du-u-š /⁠Hiⁿduš⁠/), from Sanskrit सिन्धु (sindhu, “the Indus River”) or Proto-Iranian *hínduš. Also see hnd (hind).

Noun

hndwk'ʾn • (Hindūgān)

1. India, Hindustan

Descendants

• Classical Persian: هِنْد (hind), هِنْدُو (hindū), هِنْدُوسْتَان (hindūstān)
  • → Azerbaijani: hind
  • → Bashkir: һинд (hind)
  • → Bengali: হিন্দ (hindo)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: हिंद (hind), हिन्द (hind)

    Urdu: ہند (hind)

  • → Odia: ହିନ୍ଦ୍ (hind)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: هند
    • > Turkish: Hint (inherited)
  • → Punjabi:

    Shahmukhi script: ہند (hind)

    Gurmukhi script: ਹਿੰਦ (hind)

  • → Uzbek: hind
  • → Assamese: হিন্দু (hindu)
  • → Bengali: হিন্দু (hindu), ইন্দু (indu) — Vanga
  • → Catalan: hindú
  • → Danish: hindu
  • → Dutch: hindoe
  • → English: Hindu, Hindoo (dated)
    • → Hawaiian: Hinekū
    • → Japanese: ヒンドゥー (Hindū), ヒンズー (Hinzū)
  • → Estonian: hindu
  • → French: hindou
  • → German: Hindu
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: हिंदू (hindū), हिन्दू (hindū)

    • → Malayalam: ഹിന്ദു (hindu)
    • → Swahili: Mhindu
    • → Tamil: இந்து (intu)

    Urdu: ہِنْدُو (hindū)

    • → Ushojo: ہِندو (hindū, hindō)

  • → Hungarian: hindu
  • → Italian: indù
  • → Marathi: हिंदू (hindū), हिन्दू (hindū)
  • → Norwegian Bokmål: hindu
  • → Old Gujarati: हिंदू (hiṃdū)
    • Gujarati: હિંદુ (hindu)
  • → Odia: ହିନ୍ଦୁ (hindu)
  • → Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਹਿੰਦੂ (hindū)

    Shahmukhi script: ہِنْدُو (hindū)

  • → Polish: hindus
  • → Portuguese: hindu
  • → Spanish: hindú
  • → Swedish: hindu
  • → Assamese: হিন্দুস্তান (hindustan)
  • → Middle Bengali: হিন্দুস্তান (hindustan)
    • Bengali: হিন্দুস্তান (hindustan)
  • → Gujarati: હિંદુસ્તાન (hindustān)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: हिंदुस्तान (hindustān), हिन्दुस्तान (hindustān), हिंदोस्तान (hindostān), हिन्दोस्तान (hindostān)

    Urdu: ہِنْدُوسْتان (hindūstān)

  • → Kashmiri:

    Arabic script: ہِندوستان (hindōstān), ہِندُستان (hindustān)

    Devanagari script: हिन्दोस्तान (hindōstān), हिन्दुस्तान (hindustān)

  • → Maithili:

    Devanagari script: हिन्दुस्तान (hindustān)

    Tirhuta script: 𑒯𑒱𑒢𑓂𑒠𑒳𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒰𑒢 (hindustāna)

  • → Marathi: हिंदुस्थान (hindusthān)
  • → Odia: ହିନ୍ଦୁସ୍ଥାନ (hindusthāna)
  • → Old Punjabi: ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨੁ (hindusatānu)
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ (hindustān), ਹਿੰਦੋਸਤਾਨ (hindostān)

      Shahmukhi script: ہِندُوستان (hindūstān)

  • → Sanskrit: हिन्दुस्थान (hindusthāna) (calque)
    • → English: Hindusthan (Hindutva)
  • → Sindhi:

    Devanagari script: हिंदुस्तानु (hindustānu)

    Arabic script: هِندُسْتانُ (hindustānu)

• → Chinese: 天竺 (Tiānzhú)
  • → Japanese: 天竺 (てんじく, Tenjiku)
  • → Korean: 천축 (Cheonchuk)
  • → Vietnamese: Thiên Trúc
• → Chinese: 印度 (Yìndù)
  • → Japanese: インド (Indo), 印度 (インド, Indo) (rare)
  • → Korean: 인도 (Indo)
  • → Vietnamese: Ấn Độ
• → Chinese: 身毒 (Juāndú, Yuándú, Yuāndú)

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “Hindūgān”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press