horfa
See also: hörfa
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse horfa (“to turn toward, face”), from Proto-Germanic *hwurbōną (“to turn, veer”).
Pronunciation
Noun
horfa f (genitive singular horfu, nominative plural horfur)
Declension
declension of horfa
Verb
horfa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative horfði, supine horft)
- (personal) to look, to watch
- (personal) to face
- Veggurinn horfir í austur.
- The wall faces east.
- (impersonal)
- Það horfir til vandræða.
- It looks serious.
Usage notes
- In the sense of looking the preposition á ("on") is used.
- Ég horfði á sjónvarpið.
- I watched the television.
- Ég horfði á sjónvarpið.
Conjugation
horfa — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að horfa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
horft | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
horfandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég horfi | við horfum | present (nútíð) |
ég horfi | við horfum |
þú horfir | þið horfið | þú horfir | þið horfið | ||
hann, hún, það horfir | þeir, þær, þau horfa | hann, hún, það horfi | þeir, þær, þau horfi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég horfði | við horfðum | past (þátíð) |
ég horfði | við horfðum |
þú horfðir | þið horfðuð | þú horfðir | þið horfðuð | ||
hann, hún, það horfði | þeir, þær, þau horfðu | hann, hún, það horfði | þeir, þær, þau horfðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
horf (þú) | horfið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
horfðu | horfiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að horfast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
horfst | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
horfandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég horfist | við horfumst | present (nútíð) |
ég horfist | við horfumst |
þú horfist | þið horfist | þú horfist | þið horfist | ||
hann, hún, það horfist | þeir, þær, þau horfast | hann, hún, það horfist | þeir, þær, þau horfist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég horfðist | við horfðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég horfðist | við horfðumst |
þú horfðist | þið horfðust | þú horfðist | þið horfðust | ||
hann, hún, það horfðist | þeir, þær, þau horfðust | hann, hún, það horfðist | þeir, þær, þau horfðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
horfst (þú) | horfist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
horfstu | horfisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
Synonyms
- (to face): snúa
Derived terms
Derived terms
Old Norse
Verb
horfa (singular past indicative horfði, plural past indicative horfðu, past participle horft)
- to turn (be turned) in a certain direction
- horfði upp eggin
- the edge turned upwards
- suðr horfðu dyrr
- the door looked south
- to look in a certain way; to have a certain appearance
Conjugation
Conjugation of horfa — active (weak class 3)
infinitive | horfa | |
---|---|---|
present participle | horfandi | |
past participle | horfr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | horfi | horfða |
2nd-person singular | horfir | horfðir |
3rd-person singular | horfir | horfði |
1st-person plural | horfum | horfðum |
2nd-person plural | horfið | horfðuð |
3rd-person plural | horfa | horfðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | horfa | hørfða |
2nd-person singular | horfir | hørfðir |
3rd-person singular | horfi | hørfði |
1st-person plural | horfim | hørfðim |
2nd-person plural | horfið | hørfðið |
3rd-person plural | horfi | hørfði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | horf | |
1st-person plural | horfum | |
2nd-person plural | horfið |
Conjugation of horfa — mediopassive (weak class 3)
infinitive | horfask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | horfandisk | |
past participle | horfzk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | horfumk | horfðumk |
2nd-person singular | horfisk | horfðisk |
3rd-person singular | horfisk | horfðisk |
1st-person plural | horfumsk | horfðumsk |
2nd-person plural | horfizk | horfðuzk |
3rd-person plural | horfask | horfðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | horfumk | hørfðumk |
2nd-person singular | horfisk | hørfðisk |
3rd-person singular | horfisk | hørfðisk |
1st-person plural | horfimsk | hørfðimsk |
2nd-person plural | horfizk | hørfðizk |
3rd-person plural | horfisk | hørfðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | horfsk | |
1st-person plural | horfumsk | |
2nd-person plural | horfizk |
References
- “horfa”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
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