horresco

Latin

Etymology

From horreō (“I shudder”) +‎ -scō (inchoative).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [hɔrˈreːs.koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [orˈrɛs.ko]

Verb

horrēscō (present infinitive horrēscere, perfect active horruī); third conjugation, no supine stem

1. to begin to bristle up; one's hair rises on end
2. to become terrified
3. to begin to shiver, shake, tremble, shudder

   Synonyms: cohorrēscō, tremēscō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.203–205:

     “Ecce! Autem geminī ā Tenedō tranquilla per altā —
     horrēscō referēns! — immēnsīs orbibus anguēs
     incumbunt pelagō, pariterque ad lītora tendunt.”

     “Look! And now, [coming] from Tenedos, through the placid deep – I shudder [in] retelling [it]! – twin snakes with endless coils lean into the sea, and advance together toward the shore.” – Aeneas

4. (transitive) to start to dread

Conjugation

   Conjugation of horrēscō (third conjugation, no supine stem)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	horrēscō		horrēscis		horrēscit		horrēscimus		horrēscitis		horrēscunt
	imperfect	horrēscēbam		horrēscēbās		horrēscēbat		horrēscēbāmus		horrēscēbātis		horrēscēbant
	future	horrēscam		horrēscēs		horrēscet		horrēscēmus		horrēscētis		horrēscent
	perfect	horruī		horruistī		horruit		horruimus		horruistis		horruērunt, horruēre
	pluperfect	horrueram		horruerās		horruerat		horruerāmus		horruerātis		horruerant
	future perfect	horruerō		horrueris		horruerit		horruerimus		horrueritis		horruerint
passive	present	horrēscor		horrēsceris, horrēscere		horrēscitur		horrēscimur		horrēsciminī		horrēscuntur
	imperfect	horrēscēbar		horrēscēbāris, horrēscēbāre		horrēscēbātur		horrēscēbāmur		horrēscēbāminī		horrēscēbantur
	future	horrēscar		horrēscēris, horrēscēre		horrēscētur		horrēscēmur		horrēscēminī		horrēscentur
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	horrēscam		horrēscās		horrēscat		horrēscāmus		horrēscātis		horrēscant
	imperfect	horrēscerem		horrēscerēs		horrēsceret		horrēscerēmus		horrēscerētis		horrēscerent
	perfect	horruerim		horruerīs		horruerit		horruerīmus		horruerītis		horruerint
	pluperfect	horruissem		horruissēs		horruisset		horruissēmus		horruissētis		horruissent
passive	present	horrēscar		horrēscāris, horrēscāre		horrēscātur		horrēscāmur		horrēscāminī		horrēscantur
	imperfect	horrēscerer		horrēscerēris, horrēscerēre		horrēscerētur		horrēscerēmur		horrēscerēminī		horrēscerentur
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		horrēsce		—		—		horrēscite		—
	future	—		horrēscitō		horrēscitō		—		horrēscitōte		horrēscuntō
passive	present	—		horrēscere		—		—		horrēsciminī		—
	future	—		horrēscitor		horrēscitor		—		—		horrēscuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		horrēscere			horrēscī			horrēscēns			—
future		—			—			—			horrēscendus, horrēscundus
perfect		horruisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		horrēscendī		horrēscendō		horrēscendum		horrēscendō		—		—

Synonyms

• inhorrēscō

Descendants

(Note: see also horrēre.)

• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: orròschere

References

• “horresco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “horresco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “horresco”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.