jeder

German

Alternative forms

• ieder (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle High German ieweder, from Old High German ioweder, from io + wedar. Compare English either, Dutch ieder.

Around the 14th century, the word merged with ieder, at which point the dual sense, "both", died out.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjeːdɐ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

Pronoun

jeder

1. each

   Synonym: jedweder

   jedem das Seine ― to each their own

Usage notes

• An indefinite article can precede jeder, and is required in the genitive case. In this case jeder is declined like an adjective.

  Es gibt einen solchen Augenblick im Leben eines jeden. ― There is such a moment in everyone's life.

Determiner

jeder

1. each, every

   Synonym: jedweder

   jedes Mal ― every time

Usage notes

• An indefinite article can precede jeder, especially in the genitive case. In this case jeder is declined like an adjective.

  Sie ist der Traum eines jeden Mannes. ― She is every man's dream.

Declension

Declension of jeder

		singular
		masculine	feminine	neuter
(without article)	nominative	jeder	jede	jedes
	genitive	jedes	jeder	jedes
	dative	jedem	jeder	jedem
	accusative	jeden	jede	jedes
(with indefinite article)	nominative	ein jeder	eine jede	ein jedes
	genitive	eines jeden	einer jeden	eines jeden
	dative	einem jeden	einer jeden	einem jeden
	accusative	einen jeden	eine jede	ein jedes

• Plural forms may occur with intervals, as in jede zwei Tage (“every two days”). However, this use is dated; one generally says alle zwei Tage.

Further reading

• “jeder” in Duden online
• “jeder” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• Friedrich Kluge (1883), “jeder”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891

Norn

Noun

jeder

1. venom, poison
2. evil-speaking words
3. biting cold

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xeˈdeɾ/ [xeˈð̞eɾ]
• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Syllabification: je‧der

Verb

jeder (first-person singular present jiedo, first-person singular preterite jedí, past participle jedido)

1. alternative form of heder

Conjugation

    Conjugation of jeder (e-ie alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			jeder
gerund			jediendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		jedido		jedida
		plural		jedidos		jedidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	jiedo	jiedestú jedésvos	jiede	jedemos	jedéis	jieden
	imperfect	jedía	jedías	jedía	jedíamos	jedíais	jedían
	preterite	jedí	jediste	jedió	jedimos	jedisteis	jedieron
	future	jederé	jederás	jederá	jederemos	jederéis	jederán
	conditional	jedería	jederías	jedería	jederíamos	jederíais	jederían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	jieda	jiedastú jedásvos2	jieda	jedamos	jedáis	jiedan
	imperfect (ra)	jediera	jedieras	jediera	jediéramos	jedierais	jedieran
	imperfect (se)	jediese	jedieses	jediese	jediésemos	jedieseis	jediesen
	future1	jediere	jedieres	jediere	jediéremos	jediereis	jedieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		jiedetú jedévos	jieda	jedamos	jeded	jiedan
	negative		no jiedas	no jieda	no jedamos	no jedáis	no jiedan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Further reading

• “jeder”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010