kaušas

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)koHw-ḱ-óm (“bucket”), which Derksen takes as an extension of the root *(s)kewH- (“to cover, hide”). Cognate with Latvian kauss (“cup; ladle”), as well as Russian ковш (kovš, “scoop, ladle; bucket”), Finnish kauha (“ladle”) (Baltic borrowings), and Sanskrit कोश (kośa, “cask, bucket, box”); compare also Armenian կուժ (kuž, “jug”). Despite similar phonetics and semantics, not related to Ancient Greek καῦκος (kaûkos, “cup”) or Irish cuach (“bowl, goblet”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaʊ̯ʃɐs/

Noun

káušas m (plural kaušai) stress pattern 1

1. bucket (of an excavator or other machinery)

   Skreperio pagrindinės dalys yra prikabinamasis įrengimas, traukos rėmas, kaušas ir kaušo valdymo mechanizmas.

   The main parts of the scraper are the hitch, traction frame, the bucket and the bucket control mechanism.

2. ladle, dipper

   kaušas vandens ― a ladle of water

   kaušas miltų ― a dipper of flour

3. big cup

   Gėrė midų iš kaušų. ― They drank mead from big cups.

4. fishing net, a scoop-like net for catching fish

Usage notes

• While samtis can also mean "ladle", kaušas is generally considered larger than a samtis.

Declension

Declension of káušas

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	káušas	káušai
genitive (kilmininkas)	káušo	káušų
dative (naudininkas)	káušui	káušams
accusative (galininkas)	káušą	káušus
instrumental (įnagininkas)	káušu	káušais
locative (vietininkas)	káuše	káušuose
vocative (šauksmininkas)	káuše	káušai

Derived terms

• kaušinas
• kaušti

Descendants

• → Polish: kowsz
• → Old East Slavic: ковшь (kovšĭ)
  • → Belarusian: коўш (koŭš)
  • → Russian: ковш (kovš)
  • → Ukrainian: ківш (kivš)

Further reading

• “kaušas”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
• “kaušas”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2024