krūms
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Latvian
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Buxus_sempervirens_2.jpg/250px-Buxus_sempervirens_2.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Lilac_%282%29.jpg/190px-Lilac_%282%29.jpg)
Etymology
[edit]Probably by metathesis from *kurms (with ur̄ > rū, yielding a long vowel), from Proto-Baltic *kurmas, from Proto-Indo-European *kr̥-mo-s, from the zero grade *kr̥- of *ker-, *sker- (“to turn, to bend”) (whence also Latvian cers, q.v.). The semantic evolution was probably: “to turn, to bend” > “(object) bent, twisted (into a circle)” > “lumps, clumps, clusters” > “plant resembling/forming lumps, clumps, clusters; bush, shrub.” Cognates include Lithuanian krū́mas, Old Prussian kirno.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]krūms m (1st declension)
- bush, shrub (perennial plant with several wooden stems but without a main stem or trunk)
- lazdu, ceriņu, rožu krūms ― hazel, lilac, rose bush
- ērkšķu krūms ― thorn bush
- krūmu audze ― bush grove
- krūmu puduris ― bush clump
- aronija ir vidēja lieluma daudzgadīgs krūms ar spīdīgām, eliptiskām lapām, baltiem ziediem ― aronia is a perennial bush of average size with glossy elliptical leaves (and) white flowers
- amerikāņu krūmu asterēm ir lieli ziedi ar stingriem kātiem ― the American aster bushes have large flowers with strong stems
- (usually plural) bush grove, bush clump; shrubbery (a place where bushes, shrubs grow)
- iziet cauri krūmiem ― to pass through the bushes
- krūmu vista ― dwarf chicken (bird from India, similar to a chicken; lit. bush chicken)
- krūmos uzkalnītē kāds pamanīja 45 milimetru lielgabalu ― in the bushes on the hilltop someone noticed a 45-milimiter cannon
Declension
[edit]Declension of krūms (1st declension)
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “krūms”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Categories:
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with level intonation
- Latvian terms with audio links
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian masculine nouns
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian first declension nouns
- lv:Shrubs