kyrkja
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse kyrkja, kvirkja, from Proto-Germanic *kwirkijaną.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kyrkja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative kyrkti, supine kyrkt)
- to strangle, to choke [with accusative]
- Synonym: kæfa
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að kyrkja | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
kyrkt | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
kyrkjandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég kyrki | við kyrkjum | present (nútíð) |
ég kyrki | við kyrkjum |
þú kyrkir | þið kyrkið | þú kyrkir | þið kyrkið | ||
hann, hún, það kyrkir | þeir, þær, þau kyrkja | hann, hún, það kyrki | þeir, þær, þau kyrki | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég kyrkti | við kyrktum | past (þátíð) |
ég kyrkti | við kyrktum |
þú kyrktir | þið kyrktuð | þú kyrktir | þið kyrktuð | ||
hann, hún, það kyrkti | þeir, þær, þau kyrktu | hann, hún, það kyrkti | þeir, þær, þau kyrktu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
kyrk (þú) | kyrkið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
kyrktu | kyrkiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að kyrkjast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
kyrkst | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
kyrkjandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég kyrkist | við kyrkjumst | present (nútíð) |
ég kyrkist | við kyrkjumst |
þú kyrkist | þið kyrkist | þú kyrkist | þið kyrkist | ||
hann, hún, það kyrkist | þeir, þær, þau kyrkjast | hann, hún, það kyrkist | þeir, þær, þau kyrkist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég kyrktist | við kyrktumst | past (þátíð) |
ég kyrktist | við kyrktumst |
þú kyrktist | þið kyrktust | þú kyrktist | þið kyrktust | ||
hann, hún, það kyrktist | þeir, þær, þau kyrktust | hann, hún, það kyrktist | þeir, þær, þau kyrktust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
kyrkst (þú) | kyrkist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
kyrkstu | kyrkisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
kyrktur | kyrkt | kyrkt | kyrktir | kyrktar | kyrkt | |
accusative (þolfall) |
kyrktan | kyrkta | kyrkt | kyrkta | kyrktar | kyrkt | |
dative (þágufall) |
kyrktum | kyrktri | kyrktu | kyrktum | kyrktum | kyrktum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
kyrkts | kyrktrar | kyrkts | kyrktra | kyrktra | kyrktra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
kyrkti | kyrkta | kyrkta | kyrktu | kyrktu | kyrktu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
kyrkta | kyrktu | kyrkta | kyrktu | kyrktu | kyrktu | |
dative (þágufall) |
kyrkta | kyrktu | kyrkta | kyrktu | kyrktu | kyrktu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
kyrkta | kyrktu | kyrkta | kyrktu | kyrktu | kyrktu |
Derived terms
[edit]- kyrking (“strangulation”)
- kyrkingur (“stunted growth, atrophy”)
- kyrkislanga (“boa constrictor”)
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Norse kirkja, kyrkja, from Old English cirice, from Proto-West Germanic *kirikā, from Byzantine Greek κυριακόν (δόμα) (kuriakón (dóma), “Lord's (house)”), from Ancient Greek κύριος (kúrios, “lord”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kyrkja f (definite singular kyrkja, indefinite plural kyrkjer or kyrkjor, definite plural kyrkjene or kyrkjone)
Noun
[edit]kyrkja f sg
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Norse kyrkja, from Proto-Germanic *kwirkijaną.
Alternative forms
[edit]Verb
[edit]kyrkja (present tense kyrkjer, past tense kyrkte, past participle kyrkt, passive infinitive kyrkjast, present participle kyrkjande, imperative kyrk)
- (transitive) to strangle
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “kyrkja” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *kwirkijaną (“to strangle”).
Alternative forms
[edit]Verb
[edit]kyrkja (singular past indicative kyrkti, plural past indicative kyrktu, past participle kyrktr)
- (transitive) to choke, strangle
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | kyrkja | |
---|---|---|
present participle | kyrkjandi | |
past participle | kyrktr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | kyrki | kyrkta |
2nd-person singular | kyrkir | kyrktir |
3rd-person singular | kyrkir | kyrkti |
1st-person plural | kyrkjum | kyrktum |
2nd-person plural | kyrkið | kyrktuð |
3rd-person plural | kyrkja | kyrktu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | kyrkja | kyrkta |
2nd-person singular | kyrkir | kyrktir |
3rd-person singular | kyrki | kyrkti |
1st-person plural | kyrkim | kyrktim |
2nd-person plural | kyrkið | kyrktið |
3rd-person plural | kyrki | kyrkti |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | kyrk, kyrki | |
1st-person plural | kyrkjum | |
2nd-person plural | kyrkið |
infinitive | kyrkjask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | kyrkjandisk | |
past participle | kyrzk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | kyrkjumk | kyrktumk |
2nd-person singular | kyrkisk | kyrktisk |
3rd-person singular | kyrkisk | kyrktisk |
1st-person plural | kyrkjumsk | kyrktumsk |
2nd-person plural | kyrkizk | kyrktuzk |
3rd-person plural | kyrkjask | kyrktusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | kyrkjumk | kyrktumk |
2nd-person singular | kyrkisk | kyrktisk |
3rd-person singular | kyrkisk | kyrktisk |
1st-person plural | kyrkimsk | kyrktimsk |
2nd-person plural | kyrkizk | kyrktizk |
3rd-person plural | kyrkisk | kyrktisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | kyrksk, kyrkisk | |
1st-person plural | kyrkjumsk | |
2nd-person plural | kyrkizk |
Related terms
[edit]- kverk f
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: kyrkja
- Faroese: kyrkja
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kyrka, kyrke, kyrkja, kyrkje, kjørkje
- Swedish: kyrka
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]kyrkja f (genitive kyrkju)
- Alternative form of kirkja
Declension
[edit]feminine | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | kyrkja | kyrkjan | kyrkjur | kyrkjurnar |
accusative | kyrkju | kyrkjuna | kyrkjur | kyrkjurnar |
dative | kyrkju | kyrkjunni | kyrkjum | kyrkjunum |
genitive | kyrkju | kyrkjunnar | kyrkja | kyrkjanna |
References
[edit]- “kyrkja”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
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