lóg

See also: log, lög, løg, lǫg, log., -log, and løg-

Faroese

Etymology

From Danish lov, from Old Norse lǫg.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɔuːw/
• Rhymes: -ɔuːw

Noun

lóg f (genitive singular lógar, plural lógir)

1. law

Declension

Declension of lóg
f2	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	lóg	lógin	lógir	lógirnar
accusative	lóg	lógina	lógir	lógirnar
dative	lóg	lógini	lógum	lógunum
genitive	lógar	lógarinnar	lóga	lóganna

See also

• løg-

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Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *loŋe- (“to throw, push away”) + -g (“frequentative suffix”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈloːɡ]
• Hyphenation: lóg

Verb

lóg

1. (intransitive) to hang (followed by -ról/-ről or -n/-on/-en/-ön) (to be or remain suspended)

   Egy hinta lógott a fáról. ― There was a swing hanging from the tree.

   A lapát ott lógott a szögön. ― The shovel was hanging from a nail.

2. (intransitive) to play truant, play hooky (to miss school, work, etc. without suitable permission or excuse)
3. (intransitive, slang) to hang out (with someone -val/-vel) (to spend time doing nothing in particular)

   Most is a fiúkkal lóg. ― He is hanging out with the boys.

Conjugation

conjugation of lóg

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lógok	lógsz	lóg	lógunk	lógtok	lógnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	lógtam	lógtál	lógott	lógtunk	lógtatok	lógtak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. lógni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	lógék	lógál	lóga	lógánk	lógátok	lógának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. lóg vala, lógott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	lógandok	lógandasz	lógand	lógandunk	lógandotok	lógandanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lógnék	lógnál	lógna	lógnánk	lógnátok	lógnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lógott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lógjak	lógj or lógjál	lógjon	lógjunk	lógjatok	lógjanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lógott légyen
Infinitive	lógni		lógnom	lógnod	lógnia	lógnunk	lógnotok	lógniuk
Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
	lógás		lógó	lógott	―	lógva (lógván)

potential conjugation of lóg

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lóghatok	lóghatsz	lóghat	lóghatunk	lóghattok	lóghatnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	lóghattam	lóghattál	lóghatott	lóghattunk	lóghattatok	lóghattak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	lóghaték	lóghatál	lóghata	lóghatánk	lóghatátok	lóghatának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. lóghat vala, lóghatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	lóghatandok or lógandhatok	lóghatandasz or lógandhatsz	lóghatand or lógandhat	lóghatandunk or lógandhatunk	lóghatandotok or lógandhattok	lóghatandanak or lógandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lóghatnék	lóghatnál	lóghatna	lóghatnánk	lóghatnátok	lóghatnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lóghatott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lóghassak	lóghass or lóghassál	lóghasson	lóghassunk	lóghassatok	lóghassanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lóghatott légyen
Inf.	(lóghatni)		(lóghatnom)	(lóghatnod)	(lóghatnia)	(lóghatnunk)	(lóghatnotok)	(lóghatniuk)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(lóghatva / lóghatván)

Derived terms

• lógás
• lógat
• lógós

(With verbal prefixes):

• átlóg
• belóg
• belelóg
• ellóg
• kilóg
• lelóg
• meglóg
• rálóg

Related terms

• lóbál
• lódít
• lódul

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Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *lowgos, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- (“benefit, prize”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l͈oːɣ/

Noun

lóg n (genitive lóige)

1. value, equivalent, worth
2. reward, requital, compensation, payment, price
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10^d23

     Mad ar lóg pridcha-sa, .i. ar m’étiuth et mo thoschith, ním·bia fochricc dar hési mo precepte.

     If I preach for pay, that is, for my clothing and my sustenance, I shall not have a reward for my teaching.

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10^d26

     massu thol atom·aig dó; manid ar lóg

     if it is desire that drives me to it; if it is not for pay

Inflection

Neuter s-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	lógN	lógN	lóigeL
Vocative	lógN	lógN	lóigeL
Accusative	lógN	lógN	lóigeL
Genitive	lóigeL	lóige	lóigeN
Dative	lóigL	lóigib	lóigib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• lógmar

Descendants

• Middle Irish: luach, luag
  • Irish: luach
  • Scottish Gaelic: luach

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
lóg also llóg after a proclitic	lóg pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lóg”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 398