masam

See also: maşam, māsām, mäsám, masăm, and Masam

Acehnese

Etymology

From Proto-Chamic *masam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-qalesem (“sour”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /masam/

Adjective

masam

1. (taste) sour

Eastern Durango Nahuatl

Noun

masam

1. plural of masat

Iban

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-qalesem (“sour”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈmasam]
• Hyphenation: ma‧sam
• Rhymes: -asam

Adjective

masam

1. sour

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay masam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-qaləsəm.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈmasam/ [ˈma.sam]
• Rhymes: -asam
• Syllabification: ma‧sam

Adjective

masam (comparative lebih masam, superlative paling masam)

1. having a sour, acid, acidic, sharp or tangy taste

   Synonym: asam

2. (figurative) sourfaced

   Synonyms: asam, cemberut

   Antonyms: cerah, ramah

Usage notes

In Indonesian, there are three nearly identical terms of asam, asem, and masam. The word masam is mainly used for sourfaced sense. In the Standard Malay, the prevalent terms is masam with presence of asam as alternative form. The Standard Malay masam has similar senses as in Indonesian with exception of chemistry sense of acid which is asid in Standard Malay. Although asid is listed in Indonesian, it is rarely used.

Alternative forms

• asam (Standard Indonesian)
• masam (Standard Malay)

Derived terms

Affixafions

• kemasam-masaman
• memasam

Further reading

• “masam”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Lacandon

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

masam

1. acocil (Cambarellus montezumae)

References

• Baer, Phillip; Baer, Mary; Chan Kꞌin, Manuel; Chan Kꞌin, Antonio (2018), Diccionaro maya lacandón (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 51)‎^[1] (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 139

Malay

Alternative forms

• asam (nonstandard, Indonesia)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-qalesem (“sour”).

Pronunciation

(schwa-variety, Literary Standard, /a/-variety)

• IPA^(key): /ˈmasam/ [ˈma.sam]

  Rhymes: -am

• Hyphenation: ma‧sam

Adjective

masam (Jawi spelling ماسم, comparative lebih masam, superlative paling masam)

1. sour

   Belimbing itu rasa masam.

   The starfruit tastes sour.

   Kenapa mamat tu muka masam?

   Why does that guy have a sour face?

2. smelly

   Masamnya orang tu. Satu kedai boleh bau.

   That person's so smelly. The whole store can smell them.

3. acidic (of soil)

Derived terms

Affixations

• kemasam-masaman (“quiet sour”), masam-masaman
• kemasaman (“sourness; acidity”)
• masamkan (“to make sour”)
• memasam (“to become sour”)

Affixation

• masam catung
• masam kucam
• masam pahit

Phrase

• bermasam muka

Descendants

• > Indonesian: masam (inherited)

Further reading

• "masam" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "masam" at PRPM first version)

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [maˈsam]

Verb

masam

1. first-person singular/plural imperfect indicative of masa

Turkish

Noun

masam

1. first-person singular possessive of masa