psj

Egyptian

Etymology

From earlier fsj, .

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈpiːsit/ → /ˈpiːsiʔ/ → /ˈpiːsa/ → /ˈpiːsə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈpiːsit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈpiːsiʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈpiːsa/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈpiːsə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /pɛsi/
  • Conventional anglicization: pesi

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to cook

   ― pst ḫt ḥr bjt ― Cooking something with honey

Inflection

Conjugation of psj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ps, geminated stem: pss

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
pst, psj	psw, ps	pst, pswt, psyt	ps	ps, psy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ps8, pss8	ḥr pst, ḥr psj	m pst, m psj	r pst, r psj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ps.n	psw, ps, psy	consecutive	ps.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	pst, psyt
perfective3	ps	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ps.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ps, psy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	psw, ps, psy	psw, ps, psy	potentialis1	ps.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ps, psy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ps.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	psw1, psy, ps	active + .tj1, .tw2	ps	psy, ps
imperfective	pss, pssy, pssw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	pss, pssj6, pssy6	pss, pssw5
prospective	psw1, psy, ps, pstj7	—	pswtj1 4, pstj4, pst4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of psj  

fsj	pfsj
[earlier form]	[Late Period]

Derived terms

• ps
• psw
• pst

Descendants

• Bohairic Coptic: ⲫⲓⲥⲓ (phisi)
• Sahidic Coptic: ⲡⲓⲥⲉ (pise)

References

• Dickson, Paul (2006) Dictionary of Middle Egyptian in Gardiner Classification Order‎^[1]
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 552