ryba

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See also: Ryba, rybą, Rybą, and rýbä

Czech[edit]

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Czech ryba, from Proto-Slavic *ryba.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈrɪba]
  • audio(file)

Noun[edit]

ryba f

  1. fish (cold-blooded vertebrate animal that lives in water, moving with the help of fins and breathing with gills)
    sladkovodní ryba ― freshwater fish
    mořská ryba ― marine fish

Declension[edit]

Declension of ryba (hard feminine)
singular plural
nominative ryba ryby
genitive ryby ryb
dative rybě rybám
accusative rybu ryby
vocative rybo ryby
locative rybě rybách
instrumental rybou rybami

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • ryba in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • ryba in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • ryba in Internetová jazyková příručka

Lower Sorbian[edit]

Lower Sorbian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia dsb
ryba

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ryba.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ryba f animal (diminutive rybka)

  1. fish (cold-blooded vertebrate animal that lives in water, moving with the help of fins and breathing with gills)

Declension[edit]

Declension of ryba
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ryba rybje ryby
Genitive ryby rybowu rybow
Dative rybje ryboma rybam
Accusative rybu rybje ryby
Instrumental rybu ryboma rybami
Locative rybje ryboma rybach

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “ryba”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “ryba”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Old Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rỳba. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /rɨba/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /rɨba/

Noun[edit]

ryba f (diminutive rybka, related adjective rybi or rybny)

  1. fish (cold-blooded vertebrate animal that lives in water, moving with the help of fins and breathing with gills)
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎[2], Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 104, 28:
      Obroczyl wody gych w krew y pobyl ryby (pisces) gich
      [Obrocił wody jich w krew i pobił ryby (pisces) jich]
    • 1450, Rozariusz kapitulny, Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 81v:
      Exquamare significat squamas piscium deponere semouere vlg. oczoszacz ryby
      [Exquamare significat squamas piscium deponere semouere vlg. oczosać ryby]
    • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 59v:
      Hamare id est cum hamo capere oder angeln vadzycz ryby
      [Hamare id est cum hamo capere oder angeln wadzić ryby]

Derived terms[edit]

nouns

Descendants[edit]

  • Polish: ryba
  • Silesian: ryba

References[edit]

Polish[edit]

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish ryba.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ryba f (diminutive rybka or rybeńka, augmentative rybsko, related adjective rybny or rybi)

  1. fish (cold-blooded vertebrate animal that lives in water, moving with the help of fins and breathing with gills)
  2. fish (flesh of the fish used as food)
  3. (collective, obsolete, colloquial) fish

Declension[edit]

Declension of ryba
singular plural
nominative ryba ryby
genitive ryby ryb
dative rybie rybom
accusative rybę ryby
instrumental rybą rybami
locative rybie rybach
vocative rybo ryby

Derived terms[edit]

nouns
proverbs
verbs

Related terms[edit]

adjectives
nouns

Trivia[edit]

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ryba is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 18 times in scientific texts, 10 times in news, 6 times in essays, 13 times in fiction, and 13 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 60 times, making it the 1082nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “ryba”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 511

Further reading[edit]

  • ryba in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ryba in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • ryby in PWN's encyclopedia
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “ryba”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • “RYBA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 29.01.2016
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ryba”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[3]
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ryba”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎[4]
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1912), “ryba”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[5] (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw, page 781
  • ryba in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Silesian[edit]

Silesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia szl

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish ryba.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈrɨba/
  • Rhymes: -ɨba
  • Syllabification: ry‧ba

Noun[edit]

ryba f (diminutive rybka, related adjective rybi)

  1. fish (cold-blooded vertebrate animal that lives in water, moving with the help of fins and breathing with gills)
    Synonym: fisza

Declension[edit]

Declension of ryba
singular plural
nominative ryba ryby
genitive ryby ryb/rybōw
dative rybie rybōm
accusative rybã ryby
instrumental rybōm rybami/rybōma
locative rybie rybach
vocative rybo ryby

Derived terms[edit]

nouns

Related terms[edit]

adjectives
nouns

Further reading[edit]

  • ryba in silling.org
  • Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “ryba”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 130

Slovak[edit]

Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sk

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ryba.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ryba f (genitive singular ryby, nominative plural ryby, genitive plural rýb, declension pattern of žena)

  1. fish (cold-blooded vertebrate animal that lives in water, moving with the help of fins and breathing with gills)

Declension[edit]

Declension of ryba
singular plural
nominative ryba ryby
genitive ryby rýb
dative rybe rybám
accusative rybu ryby
locative rybe rybách
instrumental rybou rybami

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • “ryba”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Upper Sorbian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ryba.

Noun[edit]

ryba f

  1. fish (cold-blooded vertebrate animal that lives in water, moving with the help of fins and breathing with gills)

Further reading[edit]

  • “ryba” in Soblex
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