słaby
Appearance
See also: Appendix:Variations of "slaby"
Lower Sorbian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *slabъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]słaby (comparative słabšy, superlative nejsłabšy)
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | neuter | feminine | virile | nonvirile | virile | nonvirile | ||||
| animate | inanimate | |||||||||
| nominative vocative |
słaby | słabe | słaba | słabej | słabe | |||||
| genitive | słabego słabeg¹ |
słabeje słabej¹ |
słabeju | słabych | ||||||
| dative | słabemu słabem¹ |
słabej | słabyma | słabym | ||||||
| accusative | słabego słabeg¹ |
słaby | słabe | słabu | słabeju | słabej | słabe, słabych | słabe | ||
| instrumental | słabym | słabeju słabej¹ |
słabyma | słabymi | ||||||
| locative | słabem słabym² |
słabej | słabyma | słabych | ||||||
Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *slàbъ. First attested in 1471.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]słaby (derived adverb słabo)
- (attested in Greater Poland) lazy (not eager to work)
- 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 68:
- Slaba remissa (manus fortium dominabitur, quae autem remissa est tributis serviet Prov 12, 24)
- [Słaba remissa (manus fortium dominabitur, quae autem remissa est tributis serviet Prov 12, 24)]
Derived terms
[edit]adjectives
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “słaby”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Mańczak, Witold (2017), “słaby”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “słaby”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
- Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “słaby”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish słaby.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]słaby (comparative słabszy, superlative najsłabszy, derived adverb słabo)
- weak (having little physical strength or force)
- weak (not mentally resistant and easily influenceable)
- weak (inable to realize one's goal due to lack of ability; of low influence or authority)
- weak (easy to oppose or resist)
- weak; poor (inable to manage or deal with something due to a lack of knowledge or skills; ineffective) [with w (+ locative) or z (+ genitive) ‘at what’]
- Synonym: cienki
- weak; poor (viewed negatively)
- weak (easily destroyed or degraded)
- weak (having low power or intensity)
- weak (not easily felt; not intense)
- weak (having a low density or frequency of something, dilute, i.e. alcohol)
- Antonym: mocny
- poor (of bad etiquette or ethics)
- weak (having a low value)
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:mierny, Thesaurus:zły
- weak; sickish
Declension
[edit]Declension of słaby (hard)
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | virile (= masculine personal) | non-virile | |
| nominative/ |
słaby | słaba | słabe | słabi | słabe | |
| genitive | słabego | słabej | słabego | słabych | ||
| dative | słabemu | słabej | słabemu | słabym | ||
| accusative | słabego | słaby | słabą | słabe | słabych | słabe |
| instrumental | słabym | słabą | słabym | słabymi | ||
| locative | słabym | słabej | słabym | słabych | ||
Derived terms
[edit]adjectives
Further reading
[edit]- słaby in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- słaby in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “słaby”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “SŁABY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 22.11.2008
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “słaby”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “słaby”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “słaby”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 205
- słaby in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Silesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish słaby.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]słaby (comparative słabszy, superlative nojsłabszy, derived adverb słabo)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | neuter | feminine | virile | nonvirile | ||||
| animate | inanimate | |||||||
| nominative | słaby | słabe | słabŏ | słabi | słabe | |||
| genitive | słabego | słabyj | słabych | |||||
| dative | słabymu | słabyj | słabym | |||||
| accusative | słabego | słaby | słabe | słabõ | słabych | słabe | ||
| instrumental | słabym | słabōm | słabymi | |||||
| locative | słabym | słabyj | słabych | |||||
| vocative | słaby | słabe | słabŏ | słabi | słabe | |||
Further reading
[edit]- slaby in dykcjonorz.eu
- słaby in silling.org
- Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022), “słabŏ”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 133
Categories:
- Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Lower Sorbian/abɨ
- Rhymes:Lower Sorbian/abɨ/2 syllables
- Lower Sorbian lemmas
- Lower Sorbian adjectives
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)leh₂b-
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish adjectives
- Greater Poland Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)leh₂b-
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/abɘ
- Rhymes:Polish/abɘ/2 syllables
- Polish terms with homophones
- Polish lemmas
- Polish adjectives
- Polish hard adjectives
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Silesian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/abɪ
- Rhymes:Silesian/abɪ/2 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian adjectives