stipulor

Latin

Alternative forms

stipulō

Etymology

Probably derived from stipula (“blade or wisp of straw”), that played a symbolic role when the partners formally confirmed the agreement.^[1] Given that this word also has a cognate in Umbrian stiplatu, Proto-Italic *stipelāō can be reconstructed.^[2]

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈsti.pu.lor/, [ˈs̠t̪ɪpʊɫ̪ɔr]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsti.pu.lor/, [ˈst̪iːpulor]

Verb

stipulor (present infinitive stipulārī or stipulārier, perfect active stipulātus sum); first conjugation, deponent

to demand a formal promise, to bargain, to covenant, to stipulate
(nonstandard) to promise, to engage, to pledge oneself
Synonyms: dēspondeō, voveō, spondeō, ostentō, profiteor, polliceor, prōmittō, pangō

Conjugation

Conjugation of stipulor (first conjugation, deponent)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	stipulor	stipulāris, stipulāre		stipulātur	stipulāmur	stipulāminī		stipulantur
	imperfect	stipulābar	stipulābāris, stipulābāre		stipulābātur	stipulābāmur	stipulābāminī		stipulābantur
	future	stipulābor	stipulāberis, stipulābere		stipulābitur	stipulābimur	stipulābiminī		stipulābuntur
	perfect	stipulātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	stipulātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	stipulātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	stipuler	stipulēris, stipulēre		stipulētur	stipulēmur	stipulēminī		stipulentur
	imperfect	stipulārer	stipulārēris, stipulārēre		stipulārētur	stipulārēmur	stipulārēminī		stipulārentur
	perfect	stipulātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	stipulātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	stipulāre		—	—	stipulāminī		—
active	future	—	stipulātor		stipulātor	—	—		stipulantor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		stipulārī, stipulārier¹		—		stipulāns		—
future		stipulātūrum esse		—		stipulātūrus		stipulandus
perfect		stipulātum esse		—		stipulātus		—
future perfect		stipulātum fore		—		—		—
perfect potential		stipulātūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		stipulandī	stipulandō		stipulandum	stipulandō	stipulātum		stipulātū

¹The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

→ Catalan: estipular
→ English: stipulate
→ French: stipuler
- → Dutch: stipuleren
→ Friulian: stipulâ
→ Galician: estipular
→ German: stipulieren
→ Italian: stipulare
→ Lombard: stipulà
→ Portuguese: estipular
→ Spanish: estipular

References

^ “stipulare” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN
^ Fortson IV, Benjamin W. (2017–2018) “Chapter VIII: Italic”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The dialectology of Italic, page 844