szárad
Hungarian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *śarɜ- (“to become dry”) + -ad.[1][2]
Verb
szárad
- (intransitive) to dry (to become dry)
Conjugation
conjugation of szárad
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | száradok | száradsz | szárad | száradunk | száradtok | száradnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | száradtam | száradtál | száradt | száradtunk | száradtatok | száradtak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. száradni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | száradék | száradál | szárada | száradánk | száradátok | száradának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. szárad vala, száradt vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | száradandok | száradandasz | száradand | száradandunk | száradandotok | száradandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | száradnék | száradnál | száradna | száradnánk | száradnátok | száradnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. száradt volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | száradjak | száradj or száradjál |
száradjon | száradjunk | száradjatok | száradjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. száradt légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | száradni | száradnom | száradnod | száradnia | száradnunk | száradnotok | száradniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| száradás | száradó | száradt | ― | száradva (száradván) | |||||
potential conjugation of szárad
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | száradhatok | száradhatsz | száradhat | száradhatunk | száradhattok | száradhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | száradhattam | száradhattál | száradhatott | száradhattunk | száradhattatok | száradhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | száradhaték | száradhatál | száradhata | száradhatánk | száradhatátok | száradhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. száradhat vala, száradhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | száradhatandok or száradandhatok |
száradhatandasz or száradandhatsz |
száradhatand or száradandhat |
száradhatandunk or száradandhatunk |
száradhatandotok or száradandhattok |
száradhatandanak or száradandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | száradhatnék | száradhatnál | száradhatna | száradhatnánk | száradhatnátok | száradhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. száradhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | száradhassak | száradhass or száradhassál |
száradhasson | száradhassunk | száradhassatok | száradhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. száradhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (száradhatni) | (száradhatnom) | (száradhatnod) | (száradhatnia) | (száradhatnunk) | (száradhatnotok) | (száradhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (száradhatva / száradhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
Related terms
Etymology 2
szár + -ad (possessive suffix)
Noun
szárad
- second-person singular single-possession possessive of szár
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | szárad | — |
| accusative | száradat | — |
| dative | száradnak | — |
| instrumental | száraddal | — |
| causal-final | száradért | — |
| translative | száraddá | — |
| terminative | száradig | — |
| essive-formal | száradként | — |
| essive-modal | száradul | — |
| inessive | száradban | — |
| superessive | száradon | — |
| adessive | száradnál | — |
| illative | száradba | — |
| sublative | száradra | — |
| allative | száradhoz | — |
| elative | száradból | — |
| delative | száradról | — |
| ablative | száradtól | — |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
száradé | — |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
száradéi | — |
References
- ^ Entry #939 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ szárad in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)