tír

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tir"

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish tír, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. “dry land” as opposed to lake or sea. Cognates include English thirst, Latin terra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʲiːɾʲ/

Noun

tír f (genitive singular tíre, nominative plural tíortha)

1. land, country, nation

Declension

Declension of tír (second declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative tír tíortha vocative a thír a thíortha genitive tíre tíortha dative tír tíortha forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an tír na tíortha genitive na tíre na dtíortha dative leis an tír don tír leis na tíortha

• Alternative plural: tíreacha (Cois Fharraige)

Synonyms

• (country): stát

Derived terms

• alltathír f (“wild, rough, country”)
• i dtír (“ashore”)
• míntír f (“mainland”)
• mórthír f (“mainland”)
• tír chluiche f (“sporting country; hunting-ground”)
• Tír Eoghain (“Tyrone”)
• tír mór f (“mainland”)
• Tír na mBascach (“Basque County”)
• Tír na nÓg
• tírdhreach (“landscape”)
• tírghrá (“patriotism”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of tír

radical	lenition	eclipsis
tír	thír	dtír

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “tír”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla [Irish and English Dictionary], 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 737
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “tír”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “tír”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “tír”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. ‘dry land’ as opposed to lake or sea. Cognates include English thirst, Latin terra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt̠ʲiːɾ/ (nominative/vocative/accusative singular and dual)
• IPA^(key): /ˈt̠ʲiːɾʲ/ (dative singular)

Noun

tír n (genitive tíre, nominative plural tíre)

1. land, country, territory, ground

Declension

Neuter s-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	tírN	tírN	tíreL
vocative	tírN	tírN	tíreL
accusative	tírN	tírN	tíreL
genitive	tíreL	tíre	tíreN
dative	tírL	tírib	tírib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• Tír Dá Glas

Descendants

• Irish: tír
• Manx: çheer
• Scottish Gaelic: tìr

Mutation

Mutation of tír

radical	lenition	nasalization
tír	thír	tír pronounced with /d̪̠ʲ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 tír”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Norse

Noun

tír

1. accusative/dative singular of tírr