tabaka

See also: Tabaka, tabakā, and tabaką

Latvian

Tabaka (1)

Tabaka (2)

Tabaka (2)

Etymology

Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Spanish tabaco, itself borrowed from a Taíno (Arawakan) word meaning either “roll of tobacco leaves” or “pipe for smoking tobacco,” but apparently also merged with a pre-existing borrowing from Arabic طَبَاق (ṭabāq, “a type of medicinal herb”), found in the early 15th century as the name of various herbs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tabaka]

Noun

tabaka f (4th declension)

1. tobacco (several plants of the genus Nicotiana, especially Nicotiana tabacum and related species, with leaves used for smoking or chewing)

   tabakas audzēšana ― tobacco cultivation

   tabakas šķirne ― tobacco variety

   tabakas lapas satur nikotīnu, kas ir stipra sirds inde un pamazām atstāj graujošu ietekmi uz cilvēka asinsvadu sistēmu un nerviem ― tobacco leaves contain nicotine, which is a strong heart poison and has gradual destructive influence on a person's circulatory and nervous systems

2. tobacco (the leaves of such a plant, especially when dried and/or pulverized for smoking or chewing)

   tabakas fabrika ― tobacco factory

   tabakas izstrādājumi ― tobacco products

   smēķēt tabaku ― to smoke tobacco

   tabakas maks, tabakmaks ― tobacco pouch

   košļāt, zelēt tabaku ― to chew tobacco

   bāzt tabaku pīpē ― to stick tobacco into a pipe

   piebāzt pīpi ar tabaku ― to stuff a pipe with tobacco

   šņaucamā tabaka ― snuff (lit. sniffable tobacco)

   istaba tabakas dūmu tik pilna, ka mušas meklēja glābiņu pie sijām ― the room was so full of tobacco smoke that the flies looked for shelter at the beams

Declension

Declension of tabaka (4th declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	tabaka	—
accusative (akuzatīvs)	tabaku	—
genitive (ģenitīvs)	tabakas	—
dative (datīvs)	tabakai	—
instrumental (instrumentālis)	tabaku	—
locative (lokatīvs)	tabakā	—
vocative (vokatīvs)	tabaka	—

Derived terms

• tabakmaks, tabakas maks

See also

• cigārs, cigarete
• pīpe
• smēķēt
• šķiltavas

Polish

Alternative forms

• tobaka (Chełmno-Dobrzyń)

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tabaco.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /taˈba.ka/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aka
• Syllabification: ta‧ba‧ka

Noun

tabaka f (diminutive tabaczka)

1. snuff (a form of tobacco for sniffing)

Declension

Declension of tabaka

	singular
nominative	tabaka
genitive	tabaki
dative	tabace
accusative	tabakę
instrumental	tabaką
locative	tabace
vocative	tabako

Derived terms

adjectives

• tabaczny
• tabakowy

 

nouns

• tabaczarz
• tabacznik

 

Related terms

adjective

• tabaczkowy

 

nouns

• tabakiera
• tabakiereczka
• tabakierka

 

Further reading

• tabaka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• tabaka in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From English tobacco and/or Dutch tabak, both from Spanish tabaco.

Noun

tabaka

1. tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum
   • 1783, C. L. Schumann, Neger-Englisches Worterbuch [Negro English Dictionary]‎^[1], archived from the original on 8 February 2023:

     tabakka hati nussu

     Tobacco hurts the nose.

   • 1936, Melville J. Herskovits, Frances S. Herskovits, Suriname folk-lore‎^[2], New York: Columbia University Press, page 240:

     Kaptein sidǫ' tiri, dɛn a nyąm ala na nyąm baka. Na baka dɑti, a puri bɩgi pipa nąŋga Amer'ką tabaka, ɛn a bɩgɩn smoko te a i drųŋgu.

     The captain sat down quietly, and again ate all the food. After that, he powdered a large pipe with American tobacco, and he began to smoke until he was drunk.

   • 1975, Edgar Cairo, “Wan pisi fu libi”, in Ursy M. Lichtveld, Jan Voorhoeve, editors, Creole drum. An Anthology of Creole Literature in Surinam‎^[3], New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 254:

     Wan takru sortu kosokoso di no abi kaba a ben gwenti e kisi. Ala yuru wan pikin pisi tabaka ben e anga na en mofobuba. Mi ben e kari dati en ‘tabakaworon.’ Te a ben tan, dan a ben ari wan dampu fu na ‘lespeki tabaka.’ Nanga kosokoso a smoko e ari en srefi komopo na ini en gorogoro.

     He used to get a nasty cough that had no end. There was always a piece of tobacco dangling from his lips. I used to call it his ‘tobacco worm.’ He was always puffing at his very strong tobacco. Coughingly, the smoke belched from his throat.

   • 1994, Albert Helman, Adyosi / Afscheid‎^[4], Nijmegen: Stichting Instituut ter Bevordering van de Surinamistiek, page 64:

     Blakaman e smoko blakatitei / bika na a moro bunkopu tabaka

     Black men smoke black shag / because it is the cheapest tobacco

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic طَبَقَة (ṭabaqa).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

tabaka (ma class, plural matabaka) or tabaka (n class, plural tabaka)

1. layer, stratum
2. class, social class

Derived terms

• tabaka tawala (“ruling class”)

Turkish

Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish تبقه (tabaka, “layer; sheet of paper”), from Arabic طَبَقَة (ṭabaqa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.baˈka/
• Hyphenation: ta‧ba‧ka

Noun

tabaka (definite accusative tabakayı, plural tabakalar)

1. layer

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	tabaka
Definite accusative	tabakayı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	tabaka	tabakalar
Definite accusative	tabakayı	tabakaları
Dative	tabakaya	tabakalara
Locative	tabakada	tabakalarda
Ablative	tabakadan	tabakalardan
Genitive	tabakanın	tabakaların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular tabakam tabakalarım 2nd singular tabakan tabakaların 3rd singular tabakası tabakaları 1st plural tabakamız tabakalarımız 2nd plural tabakanız tabakalarınız 3rd plural tabakaları tabakaları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular tabakamı tabakalarımı 2nd singular tabakanı tabakalarını 3rd singular tabakasını tabakalarını 1st plural tabakamızı tabakalarımızı 2nd plural tabakanızı tabakalarınızı 3rd plural tabakalarını tabakalarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular tabakama tabakalarıma 2nd singular tabakana tabakalarına 3rd singular tabakasına tabakalarına 1st plural tabakamıza tabakalarımıza 2nd plural tabakanıza tabakalarınıza 3rd plural tabakalarına tabakalarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular tabakamda tabakalarımda 2nd singular tabakanda tabakalarında 3rd singular tabakasında tabakalarında 1st plural tabakamızda tabakalarımızda 2nd plural tabakanızda tabakalarınızda 3rd plural tabakalarında tabakalarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular tabakamdan tabakalarımdan 2nd singular tabakandan tabakalarından 3rd singular tabakasından tabakalarından 1st plural tabakamızdan tabakalarımızdan 2nd plural tabakanızdan tabakalarınızdan 3rd plural tabakalarından tabakalarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular tabakamın tabakalarımın 2nd singular tabakanın tabakalarının 3rd singular tabakasının tabakalarının 1st plural tabakamızın tabakalarımızın 2nd plural tabakanızın tabakalarınızın 3rd plural tabakalarının tabakalarının

Etymology 2

From Italian tabacco.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /taˈba.ka/
• Hyphenation: ta‧ba‧ka

Noun

tabaka (definite accusative tabakayı, plural tabakalar)

1. cigarette case

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	tabaka
Definite accusative	tabakayı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	tabaka	tabakalar
Definite accusative	tabakayı	tabakaları
Dative	tabakaya	tabakalara
Locative	tabakada	tabakalarda
Ablative	tabakadan	tabakalardan
Genitive	tabakanın	tabakaların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular tabakam tabakalarım 2nd singular tabakan tabakaların 3rd singular tabakası tabakaları 1st plural tabakamız tabakalarımız 2nd plural tabakanız tabakalarınız 3rd plural tabakaları tabakaları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular tabakamı tabakalarımı 2nd singular tabakanı tabakalarını 3rd singular tabakasını tabakalarını 1st plural tabakamızı tabakalarımızı 2nd plural tabakanızı tabakalarınızı 3rd plural tabakalarını tabakalarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular tabakama tabakalarıma 2nd singular tabakana tabakalarına 3rd singular tabakasına tabakalarına 1st plural tabakamıza tabakalarımıza 2nd plural tabakanıza tabakalarınıza 3rd plural tabakalarına tabakalarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular tabakamda tabakalarımda 2nd singular tabakanda tabakalarında 3rd singular tabakasında tabakalarında 1st plural tabakamızda tabakalarımızda 2nd plural tabakanızda tabakalarınızda 3rd plural tabakalarında tabakalarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular tabakamdan tabakalarımdan 2nd singular tabakandan tabakalarından 3rd singular tabakasından tabakalarından 1st plural tabakamızdan tabakalarımızdan 2nd plural tabakanızdan tabakalarınızdan 3rd plural tabakalarından tabakalarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular tabakamın tabakalarımın 2nd singular tabakanın tabakalarının 3rd singular tabakasının tabakalarının 1st plural tabakamızın tabakalarımızın 2nd plural tabakanızın tabakalarınızın 3rd plural tabakalarının tabakalarının

Derived terms

• sigara tabakası

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tabaka”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• “tabaka”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu