tristis

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *tréystis (note that this root is only found in Latin and Germanic languages).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈtriːs.tis/, [ˈt̪riːs̠t̪ɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈtris.tis/, [ˈt̪rist̪is]

Adjective

trīstis (neuter trīste, comparative trīstior, superlative trīstissimus, adverb trīste); third-declension two-termination adjective

1. sad, unhappy, melancholy, morose
2. sorrowful, mournful
3. (of taste) disagreeable, harsh, bitter
4. (of smell) foul, offensive

Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Nominative	trīstis	trīste		trīstēs	trīstia
Genitive	trīstis			trīstium
Dative	trīstī			trīstibus
Accusative	trīstem	trīste		trīstēs trīstīs	trīstia
Ablative	trīstī			trīstibus
Vocative	trīstis	trīste		trīstēs	trīstia

Derived terms

• contrīstō
• pertrīstis
• subtrīstis
• trīstē

• trīsticulus
• trīstificus
• trīstimōnia
• trīstitās

• trīstitia
• trīstitiēs
• trīstitūdō
• trīstor

Descendants

• Asturian: triste
• Catalan: trist
• → Dutch: triest
• → English: triste
• French: triste
• Friulian: trist
• → Danish: trist
• → German: trist
• Italian: triste (“sad”), tristo (“evil”)
• → Norwegian: trist
• Occitan: triste, tris
• → Old Irish: tríst
• Piedmontese: trist
• Portuguese: triste
• Romanian: trist
• Sicilian: tristi (“sad”), tristu (“evil”)
• Spanish: triste
• → Swedish: trist
• → Welsh: trist
• Venetian: tristo

References

• “tristis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tristis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tristis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• tristis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) an evil omen; presage of ill: omen infaustum, triste