vegeo

Latin

Etymology

Disputed. The e-grade of the Latin term is unusual for a causative form. De Vaan posits the verb may be derived from an adjective Proto-Italic *weg-o- (“active, alive, awake”). Alternatively, it may derive from Proto-Italic *wogeō, itself from Proto-Indo-European *woǵéyeti, from the root *weǵ-. The change from initial *wo- to *we- possibly follows a development seen in Latin vester, itself from voster. However, other examples of Latin terms such as volō and vorō indicate that such a change did not occur in terms with the structure *voCV-. Furthermore, the term does not follow the sound development *voCV- to *vaCV- seen in other Latin terms. Sihler argues that the unusual vowel development can be traced to "contamination".

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈwɛ.ɡe.oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈvɛː.d͡ʒe.o]

Verb

vegeō (present infinitive vegēre, perfect active veguī); second conjugation, no supine stem, third person-only in the passive (pre-classical)

(transitive) to move, excite, quicken, arouse, enliven
- 239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius, Annales:
  cum magnō strepitū volcānum (=ignem) ventus vegēbat.
  2018 translation by Sander M. Goldberg and Gesine Manuwald
  with a mighty blast the wind aroused Vulcan
- 189 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius, Ambracia:
  aequora salsa vegēs ingentibus ventīs
  2018 translation by Sander M. Goldberg and Gesine Manuwald
  and you [Neptune?] enliven the salty seas with immense winds
- Lucius Pomponius Bononiensis, Maialis:
  animōs Venus veget voluptātibus
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
(intransitive) to be lively or active

Conjugation

This verb has only limited passive conjugation; only third-person passive forms are attested in surviving sources.

Conjugation of vegeō (second conjugation, no supine stem, third person-only in the passive)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	vegeō	vegēs		veget	vegēmus	vegētis		vegent
	imperfect	vegēbam	vegēbās		vegēbat	vegēbāmus	vegēbātis		vegēbant
	future	vegēbō	vegēbis		vegēbit	vegēbimus	vegēbitis		vegēbunt
	perfect	veguī	veguistī		veguit	veguimus	veguistis		veguērunt, veguēre
	pluperfect	vegueram	veguerās		veguerat	veguerāmus	veguerātis		veguerant
	future perfect	veguerō	vegueris		veguerit	veguerimus	vegueritis		veguerint
passive	present	—	—		vegētur	—	—		vegentur
	imperfect	—	—		vegēbātur	—	—		vegēbantur
	future	—	—		vegēbitur	—	—		vegēbuntur
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	vegeam	vegeās		vegeat	vegeāmus	vegeātis		vegeant
	imperfect	vegērem	vegērēs		vegēret	vegērēmus	vegērētis		vegērent
	perfect	veguerim	veguerīs		veguerit	veguerīmus	veguerītis		veguerint
	pluperfect	veguissem	veguissēs		veguisset	veguissēmus	veguissētis		veguissent
passive	present	—	—		vegeātur	—	—		vegeantur
passive	imperfect	—	—		vegērētur	—	—		vegērentur
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	vegē		—	—	vegēte		—
active	future	—	vegētō		vegētō	—	vegētōte		vegentō
passive	future	—	—		vegētor	—	—		vegentor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		vegēre		vegērī		vegēns		—
future		—		—		—		vegendum
perfect		veguisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		vegendī	vegendō		vegendum	vegendō	—		—

Derived terms

vegetus

Related terms

References

“vegeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“vegeo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 44
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 657-658