อุปถัมภ์
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Thai
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Pali upatthambha (“support, prop; relief, ease; encouragement”), from Sanskrit उपस्तम्भ (upastambha, “stay, support, strengthening; encouragement, incitement; base, basis, ground, occasion; etc”); equivalent to Thai อุป (ùp-bpà-) + ถัมภ์. Cognate with Khmer ឧបត្ថម្ភ (ʼupattham), Lao ອຸບປະຖັມ (ʼup pa tham).
Pronunciation
[edit]Orthographic | อุปถัมภ์ ɒ u p tʰ ạ m bʰ ʻ | ||
Phonemic | อุ-ปะ-ถำ ɒ u – p a – tʰ å | อุบ-ปะ-ถำ ɒ u ɓ – p a – tʰ å | |
Romanization | Paiboon | ù-bpà-tǎm | ùp-bpà-tǎm |
Royal Institute | u-pa-tham | up-pa-tham | |
(standard) IPA(key) | /ʔu˨˩.pa˨˩.tʰam˩˩˦/(R) | /ʔup̚˨˩.pa˨˩.tʰam˩˩˦/(R) |
Noun
[edit]อุปถัมภ์ • (ù-bpà-tǎm)
Verb
[edit]อุปถัมภ์ • (ù-bpà-tǎm) (abstract noun การอุปถัมภ์ or ความอุปถัมภ์)