сека
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Bulgarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *sěťi.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
сека́ • (seká) first-singular present indicative
- to cut
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of сека́ (conjugation 1.1, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | сеча́щ, сече́щ1 sečášt, sečéšt1 |
ся́къл sjákǎl |
сеча́л, сече́л1 sečál, sečél1 |
се́чен séčen |
сече́йки sečéjki | |
| definite subject form | сеча́щият, сече́щият1 sečáštijat, sečéštijat1 |
се́клият séklijat |
— | се́ченият séčenijat | |||
| definite object form | сеча́щия, сече́щия1 sečáštija, sečéštija1 |
се́клия séklija |
— | се́чения séčenija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | сеча́ща, сече́ща1 sečášta, sečéšta1 |
ся́кла sjákla |
сеча́ла, сече́ла1 sečála, sečéla1 |
се́чена séčena | ||
| definite | сеча́щата, сече́щата1 sečáštata, sečéštata1 |
ся́клата sjáklata |
— | се́чената séčenata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | сеча́що, сече́що1 sečášto, sečéšto1 |
ся́кло sjáklo |
сеча́ло, сече́ло1 sečálo, sečélo1 |
се́чено séčeno |
се́чене séčene | |
| definite | сеча́щото, сече́щото1 sečáštoto, sečéštoto1 |
ся́клото sjákloto |
— | се́ченото séčenoto |
се́ченето séčeneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | сеча́щи, сече́щи1 sečášti, sečéšti1 |
се́кли sékli |
сеча́ли, сече́ли1 sečáli, sečéli1 |
се́чени séčeni |
се́чения, се́ченета séčenija, séčeneta | |
| definite | сеча́щите, сече́щите1 sečáštite, sečéštite1 |
се́клите séklite |
— | се́чените séčenite |
се́ченията, се́ченетата séčenijata, séčenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | сека́ seká |
сече́ш sečéš |
сече́ sečé |
сече́м sečém |
сече́те sečéte |
сека́т sekát | |
| imperfect | сеча́х, сече́х1 sečáh, sečéh1 |
сече́ше sečéše |
сече́ше sečéše |
сеча́хме, сече́хме1 sečáhme, sečéhme1 |
сеча́хте, сече́хте1 sečáhte, sečéhte1 |
сеча́ха, сече́ха1 sečáha, sečéha1 | |
| aorist | ся́кох sjákoh |
се́че séče |
се́че séče |
ся́кохме sjákohme |
ся́кохте sjákohte |
ся́коха sjákoha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and сеча́л/сече́л1 m, сеча́ла/сече́ла1 f, сеча́ло/сече́ло1 n, or сеча́ли/сече́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and сеча́л/сече́л1 m, сеча́ла/сече́ла1 f, сеча́ло/сече́ло1 n, or сеча́ли/сече́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and сеча́л/сече́л1 m, сеча́ла/сече́ла1 f, сеча́ло/сече́ло1 n, or сеча́ли/сече́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ся́къл m, ся́кла f, ся́кло n, or се́кли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| сечи́ sečí |
сече́те sečéte |
||||||
1Largely fallen into disuse.
References[edit]
- “сека”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “сека”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Macedonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
сека • (seka) third-singular present, impf
- (intransitive) to flash, sparkle (of lightning)
- (figurative) to stab, twinge (of pain)
Usage notes[edit]
- This verb is impersonal and some of the forms in the table below are hypothetical.
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of сека (imperfective, present in -а)
| l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | секал | — | adjectival participle | — | ||
| feminine | секала | — | adverbial participle | секајќи | ||
| neuter | секало | — | verbal noun | секање | ||
| plural | секале | — | perfect participle | секано | ||
| present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
| 1st singular | секам | секав | — | — | ||
| 2nd singular | секаш | секаше | — | секај | ||
| 3rd singular | сека | секаше | — | — | ||
| 1st plural | секаме | секавме | — | — | ||
| 2nd plural | секате | секавте | — | секајте | ||
| 3rd plural | секаат | секаа | — | — | ||
| Compound tenses | ||||||
| perfect | сум секал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-perfect | имам секано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
| pluperfect | бев секал | imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-pluperfect | имав секано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| има-perfect reported | сум имал секано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future | ќе секам | ќе + present | ||||
| има-future | ќе имам секано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future in the past | ќе секав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
| има-future in the past | ќе имав секано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future reported | ќе сум секал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-future reported | ќе сум имал секано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
| conditional | би секал | би + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-conditional | би имал секано | conditional of има + perfect participle | ||||
Related terms[edit]
- секавица f (sekavica)
- секавичен (sekavičen)
- секавично (sekavično)
- секавичност f (sekavičnost)
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From сѐстра.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
се́ка f (Latin spelling séka)
References[edit]
- “сека” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Categories:
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian verbs
- Bulgarian imperfective verbs
- Bulgarian transitive verbs
- Bulgarian conjugation 1.1 verbs
- Macedonian 2-syllable words
- Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Macedonian paroxytone terms
- Macedonian lemmas
- Macedonian verbs
- Macedonian imperfective verbs
- Macedonian intransitive verbs
- Macedonian verbs in -а
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- Serbo-Croatian informal terms