աստուած
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Old Armenian [edit]
The word Աստուած (Astuac, “God”) abbreviated. Only the first and the last letters are written, under the Armenian abbreviation mark.
Etymology [edit]
According to Ačaṙyan a Phrygian borrowing. Compare the Ancient Greek name of the chief Thraco-Phrygian god Sabazios: Σαβάζιος, Σαβάθιος, Σεβάδιος, Σευάδιος, Σαυάζιος, Σαάζιος.
Noun [edit]
աստուած • (astuac)
- pagan god
- (capitalized, singular only) God of Christianity
- արար Ած՟ զաշխարհս յանգոյից (arar Ac zašxarhs yangoyicʿ) — God created the world from nothing
- տալ փառս Այ՟ (tal pʿaṙs Ay) — to glorify God, to give or render glory to God, to thank God
- ի պատկեր Այ՟ (i patker Ay) — in the image of God
Declension [edit]
o-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | աստուած (astuac) | աստուածք (astuackʿ) | |
| genitive | աստուածոյ (astuacoy) | աստուածոց (astuacocʿ) | |
| dative | աստուածոյ (astuacoy) | աստուածոց (astuacocʿ) | |
| accusative | աստուած (astuac) | աստուածս (astuacs) | |
| accusative definite | զաստուած (zastuac) | զաստուածս (zastuacs) | |
| ablative | յաստուածոյ (yastuacoy) | յաստուածոց (yastuacocʿ) | |
| instrumental | աստուածով (astuacov) | աստուածովք (astuacovkʿ) | |
| locative | յաստուած (yastuac) | յաստուածս (yastuacs) | |
| Older grammarians taught that the above declension is for “pagan gods” and that in the sense of “true God” the declension goes like this *Աստուծոյ, *Աստուծով, etc. This is not true, however. The word and its inflections were always written in an abbreviated form, Ած՟, Այ՟, յԱյ՟, Ավ՟, etc., and in the situation where the correct inflections were not explicitly attested the Middle Armenian form Աստուծոյ (Astucoy), which had regularly developed from Old Armenian *Աստուածոյ (Astuacoy), was construed to be true also for Old Armenian and the incorrect spellings crept into manuscripts of Old Armenian made in the Middle Ages. That the correct form is *Աստուածոյ (Astuacoy) is shown by phonological laws of Old Armenian and by the attested declension of the sense “false god”. | |||
Usage notes [edit]
In the sense of “God” the word was always abbreviated: see the picture above.
Derived terms [edit]
Descendants [edit]
- Armenian: աստված
References [edit]
- “աստուած” in Mathias Bedrossian (1879), New Dictionary Armenian-English (Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy)
- “աստուած” in G. Awetikʿean, X. Siwrmēlean, M. Awgerean (1836–37), Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui (Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy)
- “աստուած” in Hračʿeay Ačaṙean (1926–35), Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran (Yerevan: Yerevan State University), 2nd ed., 1971–79