偏袒

Chinese

		one-sided; to lean; to slant one-sided; to lean; to slant; prejudiced; inclined to one side	to bare
trad. (偏袒)		偏	袒
simp. #(偏袒)		偏	袒

Etymology

From a story recorded in the Records of the Grand Historian:

太尉將之入軍門，行令軍中曰：「為呂氏右袒，為劉氏左袒。」軍中皆左袒為劉氏。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

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太尉将之入军门，行令军中曰：「为吕氏右袒，为刘氏左袒。」军中皆左袒为刘氏。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

Tàiwèi jiāng zhī rù jūnmén, xínglìng jūn zhōng yuē: “Wèi Lǚ shì yòu tǎn, wèi Liú shì zuǒ tǎn.” Jūn zhōng jiē zuǒ tǎn wèi Liú shì. [Pinyin]

(please add an English translation of this usage example)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): piāntǎn

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄢ ㄊㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pin¹ taan²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phian-thán

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: piāntǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄢ ㄊㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: piantǎn
    • Wade–Giles: pʻien¹-tʻan³
    • Yale: pyān-tǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: piantaan
    • Palladius: пяньтань (pjanʹtanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pin¹ taan²
    • Yale: pīn táan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pin¹ taan²
    • Guangdong Romanization: pin¹ tan²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiːn⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 偏癱／偏瘫 偏袒

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phian-thán
    • Tâi-lô: phian-thán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phientarn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰan⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiɛn³³ tʰan⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰan⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰan⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰan⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: phjien|phjienH danX

Rime
Character	偏	偏	袒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	滂 (2)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)	仙 (77)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	I
Fanqie	芳連切	匹戰切	徒旱切
Baxter	phjien	phjienH	danX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰiᴇn/	/pʰiᴇnH/	/dɑnX/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰiɛn/	/pʰiɛnH/	/dɑnX/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰjæn/	/pʰjænH/	/dɑnX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰian/	/pʰianH/	/danX/
Li Rong	/pʰiɛn/	/pʰiɛnH/	/dɑnX/
Wang Li	/pʰĭɛn/	/pʰĭɛnH/	/dɑnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯ɛn/	/pʰi̯ɛnH/	/dʱɑnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	piān	piàn	dàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pin1	pin3	daan6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰen|pʰens  rdeːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	偏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	piān
Middle Chinese	‹ phjien ›
Old Chinese	/*pʰe[n]/
English	oblique; subordinate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	偏	偏	袒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	2/2
No.	712	718	2075
Phonetic component	扁	扁	旦
Rime group	元	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	篇	騗	袒
Old Chinese	/*pʰen/	/*pʰens/	/*rdeːns/

Verb

偏袒

1. (literary, literally) to bare one shoulder
2. to side with (someone); to take sides; to discriminate in favor of; to show prejudice (to a particular party)

Synonyms

• (to side with): 護／护 (hù)