cold; poor; to tremble | heat; hot weather; summer heat | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (寒暑) |
寒 | 暑 |
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 寒 | 暑 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 書 (26) |
Final (韻) | 寒 (61) | 魚 (22) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
Division (等) | I | III |
Fanqie | 胡安切 | 舒吕切 |
Baxter | han | syoX |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦɑn/ | /ɕɨʌX/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/ɦɑn/ | /ɕiɔX/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/ɣɑn/ | /ɕiɔX/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦan/ | /ɕɨə̆X/ |
Li Rong |
/ɣɑn/ | /ɕiɔX/ |
Wang Li |
/ɣɑn/ | /ɕĭoX/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/ɣɑn/ | /ɕi̯woX/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
hán | shǔ |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
hon4 | syu2 |
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 寒 | 暑 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
hán | shǔ |
Middle Chinese |
‹ han › | ‹ syoX › |
Old Chinese |
/*Cə.[ɡ]ˁa[n]/ | /*s-tʰaʔ/ |
English | cold | heat |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 寒 | 暑 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
No. | 4870 | 17014 |
Phonetic component |
寒 | 者 |
Rime group |
元 | 魚 |
Rime subdivision |
1 | 0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
寒 | |
Old Chinese |
/*ɡaːn/ | /*hjaʔ/ |
寒暑