sam-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sam"

Danish

Prefix

sam-

1. co-, con-

Derived terms

Danish terms prefixed with sam-

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse sam-. Related to the adjective samur.

Prefix

sam-

1. co-, fellow, collective
2. homo-

Derived terms

Faroese terms prefixed with sam-

Garo

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Classifier

sam-

1. classifier for bilateral body parts like eyes and ears.

Icelandic

Prefix

sam-

1. co-, fellow, collective
2. homo-

Derived terms

Icelandic terms prefixed with sam-

• samfangi
• samhjálp
• samlínuleiki
• samskeiða
• sammótun (homomorphism)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse sam-, related to samme.

Prefix

sam-

1. (generally) co-

Derived terms

Norwegian Bokmål terms prefixed with sam-

References

• “sam-” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “sam-” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse sam-, related to same.

Prefix

sam-

1. (generally) co-

Derived terms

Norwegian Nynorsk terms prefixed with sam-

References

• “sam-” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *sāmi-, from Proto-Germanic *sēmi-, from Proto-Indo-European *sēmi-. Cognate with Old Saxon sām-, Old High German sāmi-. Compare semi-.

Since the i-umlaut of /ɑ̃:/ is /e:/ and unstressed short high vowels were lost after a heavy syllable, the expected outcome would have been *sēm- (sometimes *sem-; see below). Two developments interfered. First, lack of i-umlaut shows that the final *-i was replaced with *-a in this prefix, perhaps by analogy with its synonym *halba- (later healf-). Second, the root vowel shows shortening, since without i-umlaut the regular outcome of /ɑ̃:/ is /o:/.

In most compounds of sam- this shortening is expected, since a prehistoric sound change shortened long vowels before (1) clusters of three consonants, (2) two consonants plus two syllables, or (3) geminates. This shortening could have been eliminated by analogy in many cases (there is no way to know how often, as Old English manuscripts do not normally mark vowel length), but it was apparently maintained in sam-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɑm/

Prefix

sam-

1. (literally) half-
2. (figuratively) partially

Descendants

• Middle English: sam-
  • English: sam

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *samaz (“together”), from Proto-Indo-European *somHós (“same”), Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one, together”). Compare Old English samen (“together”), Old English same (“manner, similitude”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɑm/

Prefix

sam-

1. union, combination, agreement; together, con-

   samheort ― unanimous, "same-hearted"

Derived terms

Old English terms prefixed with sam-

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same, alike”), from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.

Prefix

sam-

1. together, con-

Derived terms

Old Norse terms prefixed with sam-

Descendants

• Icelandic: sam-
• Faroese: sam-
• Norwegian Nynorsk: sam-
• Norwegian Bokmål: sam-
• Swedish: sam-
• Danish: sam-

Swedish

Prefix

sam-

1. together, co-, con-

   Antonym: sär-

Derived terms

Swedish terms prefixed with sam-

See also

• samla
• samma
• samman
• sams

References

• sam- in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• sam- in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• sam- in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• mas

Tagalog

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sam/, [sɐm]

Prefix

sam- (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ᜔)

1. Alternative form of sang-, with roots that begin with ⟨b⟩ or ⟨p⟩.

Derived terms

Tagalog terms prefixed with sam-