secrete

See also secrète

English

Pronunciation

• (RP) enPR: sĭkrētʹ, IPA: /sɪˈkɹiːt/, SAMPA: /sI"kr\i:t/

• Audio (US)

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• Rhymes: -iːt

Etymology 1

First attested in 1678: from the Latin participle sēcrētus (“[having been] separated”).

Adjective

secrete (not comparable)

1. (obsolete, rare) separated
   • 1678: Ralph Cudworth, The True Intellectual System of the Universe, book 1, chapter 4, pages 307^{1} and 582^{2}

     ^{1} […] they ſuppoſing Two other Divine Hypoſtaſes Superiour thereunto, which were perfec‍tly Secrete from Matter.

     ^{2} This ſo containeth all things, as not being yet ſecrete and diſtinc‍t ; whereas in the Second they are diſcerned and diſtinguiſhed by Reaſon ; that is, they are Ac‍tually diſtinguiſhed in their Ideas ; whereas the Firſt is the Simple and Fecund Power of all things.

Etymology 2

First directly attested in 1728; attested as the past-participial adjective secreted in 1707: from Latin sēcrēt-, perfect passive participial stem of sēcernō (“I separate”); reinforced by back-formation from secretion; compare secern; cognate with the French sécréter and the Spanish secretar.

Verb

secrete (third-person singular simple present secretes, present participle secreting, simple past and past participle secreted)

1. (physiology, transitive, of organs, glands, &c.) To extract a substance from blood, sap, or similar to produce and emit waste for excretion or for the fulfilling of a physiological function.
   • 2008, Stephen J. McPhee, Maxine A. Papadakis, et al., Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment, McGraw-Hill Medical, p. 1202

     Many tumors secrete two or more different hormones.

2. figurative uses
   • 1863: Charles Kingsley [aut.], Frances Elizabeth Kingsley [ed.], Charles Kingsley, his Letters and Memories of his Life (first published posthumously in 1877), page 156 (8^th Ed.: 1880)

     If you won’t believe my great new doctrine (which, by the bye, is as old as the Greeks), that souls secrete their bodies, as snails do shells, you will remain in outer darkness.

   • 1887: James Russell Lowell, Democracy and Other Addresses, page 15 (1892 reprint)

     Let me not be misunderstood. I see as clearly as any man possibly can, and rate as highly, the value of wealth, and of hereditary wealth, as the security of refinement, the feeder of all those arts that ennoble and beautify life, and as making a country worth living in. Many an ancestral hall here in England has been a nursery of that culture which has been of example and benefit to all. Old gold has a civilizing virtue which new gold must grow old to be capable of secreting.

Translations

(transitive) produce by secretion

Catalan: secretar (ca) Czech: vylučovat (cs) Dutch: afscheiden (nl) Finnish: erittää (fi) French: sécrèter (fr), excréter (fr) German: ausscheiden (de), aussondern (de), absondern (de), sezernieren (de)

Greek: κρύβω (el), καταχωνιάζω (el), εκκρίνω (el) Icelandic: seyta (is) Japanese: 分泌する (ja) (bunpitsu suru) Spanish: secretar (es) Telugu: స్రవించు (sraviMchu)

Etymology 3

Alteration of verb sense of secret

Verb

secrete (third-person singular simple present secretes, present participle secreting, simple past and past participle secreted)

1. (transitive) To conceal.
   • 1914: The Pacific Reporter, volume 142, page 450 (West Publishing Company)

     Plaintiffs filed an affidavit for an attachment, alleging that defendant was about to assign, secrete, and dispose of his property with intent to delay and defraud his creditors, and was about to convert his property into money to place it beyond the reach of his creditors.

   • 1997: Chris Horrocks, Introducing Foucault, page 43 (Totem Books, Icon Books; ISBN 1840460865)

     Whereas the Renaissance had allowed madness into the light, the classical age saw it as scandal or shame. Families secreted mad uncles and strange cousins in asylums.

2. (transitive) To steal.

   The royal jewels were secreted away in the middle of the night, sub rosa.

Usage notes

• The present participle and past forms secreting and secreted are heteronymous with the corresponding forms of the similar verb secret, and this can create ambiguity when the word is encountered in print.

Translations

to conceal

Finnish: kätkeä (fi), piilottaa (fi) French: celer (fr), cacher (fr)

Japanese: 秘密にする (ja) (himitsu ni suru), 隠す (ja) (kakusu)

to steal

Finnish: varastaa (fi), kähveltää (fi)

French: dérober (fr), enlever (fr)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

Dutch: verbergen (1), verstoppen (1), wegstoppen (1), ontvreemden (2), stelen (2), verduisteren (2), ontfutselen (2)

Spanish: secretear Volapük: klänön

References

• “†seˈcrete, a.” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary [2^nd Ed.; 1989]
    Adjectival sense [etymology 1].
• OED2 opere citato, “secrete, v.¹”
    Physiologic verbal senses (and the figurative use extended therefrom) [etymology 2].

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Italian

Adjective

secrete f.

1. Feminine plural form of secreto

Verb

secrete

1. Feminine plural of secreto

Anagrams

• cretese, escrete

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Latin

Etymology 1

From the perfect passive participle sēcrētus (“sundered, secluded, hidden”) +‎ -ē.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA: /seːˈkreː.teː/

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Adverb

sēcrētē (comparative sēcrētius, superlative sēcrētissimē)

1. secretly, in secret, privately

Alternative forms

• sēcrētō

Etymology 2

Inflection of perfect passive participle of sēcernō (“separate; part; reject”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA: /seːˈkreː.te/

Participle

sēcrēte

1. vocative masculine singular of sēcrētus

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Spanish

Verb

secrete (infinitive secretar)

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of secretar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of secretar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of secretar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of secretar.