sap

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[edit] English

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[edit] Pronunciation

[edit] Etymology 1

From Old English sæp, from West Proto-Germanic *sap(p)om. Cognate with German Saft, Dutch sap, Icelandic safi; of uncertain ultimate origin, perhaps compare Latin sapere (to taste, to be wise), sapa (must or new wine boiled thick); see also sapid, sapient.

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Particularly: “etymology of saphead sense fails”

[edit] Noun

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Singular
sap

Plural
countable and uncountable; plural saps

sap (countable and uncountable; plural saps)

  1. (uncountable) The juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition.
  2. (uncountable) The sap-wood, or alburnum, of a tree.
  3. (slang, countable) A simpleton; a saphead; a milksop; a naive person.

[edit] Derived terms

[edit] Translations
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[edit] Etymology 2

Probably from sapling.

[edit] Noun

Singular
sap

Plural
saps

sap (plural saps)

  1. (countable, US, slang) A short wooden club; a leather-covered hand weapon; a blackjack.
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[edit] Translations

[edit] Verb

Infinitive
to sap

Third person singular
saps

Simple past
sapped

Past participle
sapped

Present participle
sapping

to sap (third-person singular simple present saps, present participle sapping, simple past and past participle sapped)

  1. (transitive, slang) To strike with a sap (with a blackjack).

[edit] Translations

[edit] Etymology 3

From French saper (compare Spanish zapar and Italian zappare) from sape (sort of scythe), from Late Latin sappa (sort of mattock).

[edit] Noun

Singular
sap

Plural
saps

sap (plural saps)

  1. (military) A narrow ditch or trench made from the foremost parallel toward the glacis or covert way of a besieged place by digging under cover of gabions, etc.

[edit] Derived terms

[edit] Translations

[edit] Verb

Infinitive
to sap

Third person singular
saps

Simple past
sapped

Past participle
sapped

Present participle
sapping

to sap (third-person singular simple present saps, present participle sapping, simple past and past participle sapped)

  1. (transitive) To subvert by digging or wearing away; to mine; to undermine; to destroy the foundation of.
  2. (transitive, military) To pierce with saps.
  3. To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to weaken.
  4. (transitive) To gradually weaken.
    • to sap one’s conscience
  5. (intransitive) To proceed by mining, or by secretly undermining; to execute saps — (A date for this quote is being sought):W. P. Craighill

[edit] Translations

[edit] Dutch

[edit] Pronunciation

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[edit] Noun

sap n. (plural sappen, diminutive sapje)

  1. sap (fluid in plants)
  2. (countable and uncountable) juice

[edit] Romani

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[edit] Noun

sap m.

  1. snake

[edit] Turkish

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[edit] Noun

sap

  1. shaft

[edit] Volapük

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[edit] Noun

sap

  1. wisdom
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