大黑天

See also: 大黒天

Chinese

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dàhēitiān

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄟ ㄊㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): daai⁶ hak¹ tin¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàhēitiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄟ ㄊㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàheitian
    • Wade–Giles: ta⁴-hei¹-tʻien¹
    • Yale: dà-hēi-tyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahheitian
    • Palladius: дахэйтянь (daxɛjtjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹ xeɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàhēitiānr
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄟ ㄊㄧㄢㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàheitianr
    • Wade–Giles: ta⁴-hei¹-tʻien¹-ʼrh
    • Yale: dà-hēi-tyānr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahheitial
    • Palladius: дахэйтяньр (daxɛjtjanʹr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹ xeɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: daai⁶ hak¹ tin¹
    • Yale: daaih hāk tīn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: daai⁶ hak⁷ tin¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: dai⁶ heg¹ tin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːi̯²² hɐk̚⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: dajH|daH xok then

Rime
Character	大	大	黑	天
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)	曉 (32)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	歌 (94)	德 (131)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I	IV
Fanqie	徒蓋切	唐佐切	呼北切	他前切
Baxter	dajH	daH	xok	then
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/hək̚/	/tʰen/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/hək̚/	/tʰen/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/xək̚/	/tʰɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dajH/	/daH/	/hək̚/	/tʰɛn/
Li Rong	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/xək̚/	/tʰen/
Wang Li	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/xək̚/	/tʰien/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑiH/	/dʱɑH/	/xək̚/	/tʰien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dài	duò	he	tiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	daai6	do6	hak1	tin1

Etymology 1

		great	black	deva
simp. and trad. (大黑天)		大	黑	天

Calque of Sanskrit महाकाल (mahākāla, literally “Great Time”). Compare Tibetan ནག་པོ་ཆེན་པོ (nag po chen po, literally “Great Black One”).

Proper noun

大黑天

1. (Buddhism, Hinduism, Shinto) Mahakala

   Synonym: 濕婆／湿婆 (Shīpó)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (大黑天):

• → Japanese: 大黒天(だいこくてん) (Daikokuten)
• → Korean: 대흑천(大黑天) (Daeheukcheon)
• → Vietnamese: Đại Hắc Thiên (大黑天)

Etymology 2

		big; great; huge big; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor	night; nightfall; Krishna
simp. and trad. (大黑天)		大	黑天

Noun

大黑天

1. (colloquial, usually in negative imperative sentences) (such a) dark midnight

   Antonym: 大白天 (dàbáitiān)

Further reading

• Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “大黑天” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

Japanese

Kanji in this term
大	黑	天
だい Grade: 1	こく Jinmeiyō	てん Grade: 1
on’yomi

Proper noun

大(だい)黑(こく)天(てん) • (Daikokuten) 

1. Kyūjitai form of 大黒天 (“Mahakala; Daikokuten”)

Korean

Hanja in this term
大	黑	天

Proper noun

大黑天 • (Daeheukcheon) (hangeul 대흑천)

1. Hanja form^? of 대흑천 (“Mahakala”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
大	黑	天

Proper noun

大黑天

1. chữ Hán form of Đại Hắc Thiên (“Mahakala”).