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U+4F50, 佐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F50

[U+4F4F]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4F51]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 9, +5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人大一 (OKM), four-corner 24211, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 506
  • Dae Jaweon: page 207, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 130, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+4F50

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms
𠡃

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ʔsaːls) : semantic (person) + phonetic (OC *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls).

Etymology

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Compare (OC *ɢʷɯs, “to assist; to help; to protect”).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (13)
Final () (94)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter tsaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡sɑH/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡sɑH/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sɑH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡saH/
Li
Rong
/t͡sɑH/
Wang
Li
/t͡sɑH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡sɑH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zuò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zo3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zuǒ
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsaH ›
Old
Chinese
/*tsˁarʔ-s/ (dialect: *-r > *-j)
English aid, assist

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 18005
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ʔsaːls/

Definitions

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  1. to assist; to aid; to second
  2. assistant; aide; subordinate

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. aid
  2. help
  3. field officer (Military)

Readings

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  • Go-on: (sa, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: (sa, Jōyō)
  • Kun: たすける (tasukeru, 佐ける)たすけ (tasuke)すけ (suke, )

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC tsaH).

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕwa̠(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 도울 (doul jwa))

  1. hanja form? of ((literary) subordinate)
  2. hanja form? of ((military) commander; a field grade officer in the Korean People's Army)
    (North Korea) (少)SojwaJunior Commander
    (North Korea) (中)JungjwaLieutenant-Colonel; Middle Commander
    (North Korea) (上)SangjwaColonel; High Commander
    (North Korea) (大)DaejwaSenior Colonel; Brigadier; Grand Commander

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: , tớ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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