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U+5F18, 弘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F18

[U+5F17]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5F19]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 57, +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 弓戈 (NI) or 難弓戈 (XNI), four-corner 12230, composition )

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 356, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9709
  • Dae Jaweon: page 673, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 990, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+5F18

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𢎞
𪪺
𢎪
𣧀

Glyph origin[edit]

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡʷɯːŋ): phonetic (OC *kʷɯŋ, bow) + semantic (mouth) – the sound of a bow > a loud sound.

The later corrupts into (the ancient form of (OC *kʷɯːŋ)), which Shuowen interprets to be the phonetic component of the character.

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]


Note: hêng — used in 弘一法師.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /xuŋ³⁵/
Harbin /xuŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /xuŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /xuŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /xəŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xuŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /xuŋ²⁴/
Xining /xuə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /xuŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /xũn⁵³/
Ürümqi /xuŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /xoŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /xoŋ³¹/
Guiyang /xoŋ²¹/
Kunming /xoŋ¹/
Nanjing /xoŋ²⁴/
Hefei /xəŋ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xuəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /xuŋ¹³/
Hohhot /xũŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦoŋ²³/
Suzhou /ɦoŋ¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦoŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /ɦoŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /xuʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /xan⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /xoŋ¹³/
Xiangtan /ɦən¹²/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /fen¹¹/
Taoyuan /fen¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɐŋ²¹/
Nanning /huŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /wɐŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hɔŋ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /huŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ɔŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /hoŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hɔŋ³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (33)
Final () (130)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter hwong
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦwəŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦʷəŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣuəŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦwəŋ/
Li
Rong
/ɣuəŋ/
Wang
Li
/ɣuəŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣwəŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
hóng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
wang4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
hóng
Middle
Chinese
‹ hwong ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɢ]ʷˁəŋ/
English vast

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 5130
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡʷɯːŋ/

Definitions[edit]

  1. to spread; to enlarge; to expand
  2. great; grand; magnificent; broad
    See also:
  3. a surname

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. to spread
  2. wide

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

(ひろし) (Hiroshi

  1. a male given name

(ひろむ) (Hiromu

  1. a male given name

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

(eumhun (keul hong))

  1. Hanja form? of (big).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: hoằng, ngoằng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.