慝

慝 U+615D, 慝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-615D ← 慜 [U+615C] CJK Unified Ideographs 慞 → [U+615E]

Translingual

Han character

慝 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸口心 (SRP), four-corner 7133₁, composition ⿱匿心)

1. do evil in secret
2. evil, vice

Derived characters

• 嬺, 𰔸

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 399, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11100
• Dae Jaweon: page 738, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2333, character 1
• Unihan data for U+615D

Chinese

trad.		慝
simp. #		慝

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (匿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
暱	*niɡ
慝	*n̥ʰɯːɡ
匿	*nɯɡ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tè (te⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tik¹, nik¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tè
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tè
    • Wade–Giles: tʻê⁴
    • Yale: tè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: teh
    • Palladius: тэ (tɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tik¹, nik¹
    • Yale: tīk, nīk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tik⁷, nik⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: tig¹, nig¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɪk̚⁵/, /nɪk̚⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: thok

Rime
Character	慝
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	登 (131)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	他德切
Baxter	thok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰək̚/
Li Rong	/tʰək̚/
Wang Li	/tʰək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	te
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tak1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥ˤək/

  (Zhengzhang): /*n̥ʰɯːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	慝
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tè
Middle Chinese	‹ thok ›
Old Chinese	/*n̥ˁək/
English	evil
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慝
Reading #	1/1
No.	9480
Phonetic component	匿
Rime group	職
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	忒
Old Chinese	/*n̥ʰɯːɡ/

Definitions

慝

1. vice, evil, malevolence

   • 此鳥不蜚，以長羽翼；不鳴，以觀群臣之慝，是鳥雖不蜚，蜚必沖天；雖不鳴，鳴必驚人。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     此鸟不蜚，以长羽翼；不鸣，以观群臣之慝，是鸟虽不蜚，蜚必冲天；虽不鸣，鸣必惊人。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 1st century BCE, 《新序》

     Cǐ niǎo bù fěi, yǐ cháng yǔyì; bù míng, yǐ guān qúnchén zhī tè, shì niǎo suī bù fěi, fěi bì chōngtiān; suī bù míng, míng bì jīngrén. [Pinyin]

     This bird does not fly, and thereby grows its wings. It does not sing, and thereby watches [in secret] the vices of the king and his ministers. Though this bird does not fly, when it flies, it will surely pierce the heavens. Though it does not sing, when it sings, it will surely astonish the people.

2. Alternative form of 忒

Compounds

• 奸慝
• 姦慝／奸慝
• 引慝
• 淫心慝行
• 淑慝殊途
• 苛慝
• 讒慝／谗慝
• 隱慝／隐慝

 

References

• “慝”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

慝

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): とく (toku)
• Kun: わるい (warui)

Korean

Hanja

慝 (eum 특 (teuk))

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Vietnamese

Han character

慝: Hán Nôm readings: nấc, nức, thắc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation