καλέω
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
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From Proto-Indo-European *kl̥h₁-, zero-grade of *kelh₁- + -έω (-éō). Cognates include Old English hlōwan and English low (verb) (but the similarity to call is coincidental); Latin calō, clāmō, clārus, classis, and concilium; Old Irish cailech; Old Armenian աքաղաղ (akʻałał).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ka.lé.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /kaˈle.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /kaˈle.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /kaˈle.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /kaˈle.o/
Verb
κᾰλέω • (kaléō)
- I call, summon
- I call by name
- (passive voice) I am called, my name is
Inflection
Present: κᾰλέω, κᾰλέομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐκάλεον | ἐκάλεες | ἐκάλεε(ν) | ἐκαλέετον | ἐκαλεέτην | ἐκαλέομεν | ἐκαλέετε | ἐκάλεον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐκαλεόμην | ἐκαλέου | ἐκαλέετο | ἐκαλέεσθον | ἐκαλεέσθην | ἐκαλεόμεθᾰ | ἐκαλέεσθε | ἐκαλέοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐκάλουν | ἐκάλεις | ἐκάλει | ἐκαλεῖτον | ἐκαλείτην | ἐκαλοῦμεν | ἐκαλεῖτε | ἐκάλουν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐκαλούμην | ἐκαλοῦ | ἐκαλεῖτο | ἐκαλεῖσθον | ἐκαλείσθην | ἐκαλούμεθᾰ | ἐκαλεῖσθε | ἐκαλοῦντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰλέω | κᾰλέεις | κᾰλέει | κᾰλέετον | κᾰλέετον | κᾰλέομεν | κᾰλέετε | κᾰλέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | κᾰλέοιμῐ | κᾰλέοις | κᾰλέοι | κᾰλέοιτον | κᾰλεοίτην | κᾰλέοιμεν | κᾰλέοιτε | κᾰλέοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | κᾰλέομαι | κᾰλέῃ, κᾰλέει |
κᾰλέεται | κᾰλέεσθον | κᾰλέεσθον | κᾰλεόμεθᾰ | κᾰλέεσθε | κᾰλέονται | ||||
optative | κᾰλεοίμην | κᾰλέοιο | κᾰλέοιτο | κᾰλέοισθον | κᾰλεοίσθην | κᾰλεοίμεθᾰ | κᾰλέοισθε | κᾰλέοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | κεκλήσομαι | κεκλήσῃ | κεκλήσεται | κεκλήσεσθον | κεκλήσεσθον | κεκλησόμεθᾰ | κεκλήσεσθε | κεκλήσονται | ||||
optative | κεκλησοίμην | κεκλήσοιο | κεκλήσοιτο | κεκλήσοισθον | κεκλησοίσθην | κεκλησοίμεθᾰ | κεκλήσοισθε | κεκλήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰλέειν | κᾰλέεσθαι | κεκλήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰλέων | κᾰλεόμενος | κεκλησόμενος | |||||||||
f | κᾰλέουσᾰ | κᾰλεομένη | κεκλησομένη | ||||||||||
n | κᾰλέον | κᾰλεόμενον | κεκλησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Pluperfect: ἐκεκλήκειν, ἐκεκλήμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐκεκλήκειν, ἐκεκλήκη |
ἐκεκλήκεις, ἐκεκλήκης |
ἐκεκλήκει(ν) | ἐκεκλήκετον | ἐκεκληκέτην | ἐκεκλήκεμεν | ἐκεκλήκετε | ἐκεκλήκεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐκεκλήμην | ἐκέκλησο | ἐκέκλητο | ἐκέκλησθον | ἐκεκλήσθην | ἐκεκλήμεθᾰ | ἐκέκλησθε | ἐκέκληντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
- ἀνακαλέω (anakaléō)
- ἀντικαλέω (antikaléō)
- ἀποκαλέω (apokaléō)
- ἐγκαλέω (enkaléō)
- εἰσκαλέω (eiskaléō)
- ἐκκαλέω (ekkaléō)
- ἐπικαλέω (epikaléō)
- κατακαλέω (katakaléō)
- κέκλομαι (kéklomai)
- κικλήσκω (kiklḗskō)
- κλήδην (klḗdēn)
- κλῄζω (klḗizō)
- κλῆσις (klêsis)
- κλητέος (klētéos)
- κλητήρ (klētḗr)
- κλητός (klētós)
- μετακαλέω (metakaléō)
- παρακαλέω (parakaléō)
- προκαλέω (prokaléō)
- προσκαλέω (proskaléō)
- συγκαλέω (sunkaléō)
Descendants
- Greek: καλώ (kaló)
Related terms
- κλέω (kléō)
Further reading
- “καλέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “καλέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “καλέω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- καλέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- καλέω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “καλέω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2564 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN