καπνός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kapnós, from Proto-Indo-European *kwep- (“to smoke, boil, move violently”), which appears to be a European substrate word; see also Lithuanian kūpėti (“to boil over”), Old Church Slavonic кꙑпѣти (kypěti, “to boil”), Sanskrit कुप्यति (kupyati, “become agitated, bubbles up”), Latin cupiō.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ka.pnós/ → /kaˈpnos/ → /kaˈpnos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.pnós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kaˈpnos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kaˈpnos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kaˈpnos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kaˈpnos/

Noun

καπνός • (kapnós) m (genitive κᾰπνοῦ); second declension

1. smoke

Declension

Second declension of ὁ κᾰπνός; τοῦ κᾰπνοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κᾰπνός ho kăpnós	τὼ κᾰπνώ tṑ kăpnṓ	οἱ κᾰπνοί hoi kăpnoí
Genitive	τοῦ κᾰπνοῦ toû kăpnoû	τοῖν κᾰπνοῖν toîn kăpnoîn	τῶν κᾰπνῶν tôn kăpnôn
Dative	τῷ κᾰπνῷ tōî kăpnōî	τοῖν κᾰπνοῖν toîn kăpnoîn	τοῖς κᾰπνοῖς toîs kăpnoîs
Accusative	τὸν κᾰπνόν tòn kăpnón	τὼ κᾰπνώ tṑ kăpnṓ	τοὺς κᾰπνούς toùs kăpnoús
Vocative	κᾰπνέ kăpné	κᾰπνώ kăpnṓ	κᾰπνοί kăpnoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• δύσκαπνος (dúskapnos)
• κάπνειος (kápneios)
• καπνείω (kapneíō)
• κάπνη (kápnē)
• καπνηλός (kapnēlós)
• καπνία (kapnía)
• καπνιαῖος (kapniaîos)
• καπνίας (kapnías)
• καπνιάω (kapniáō)
• καπνίζω (kapnízō)
• κάπνιος (kápnios)
• καπνίτης (kapnítēs)
• καπνοδόκη (kapnodókē)
• καπνόομαι (kapnóomai)
• καπνώδης (kapnṓdēs)

Related terms

• καπυρός (kapurós)

Descendants

• Greek: καπνός (kapnós)
• Mariupol Greek: капнос (kapnos)

Further reading

• “καπνός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• καπνός in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• καπνός in Pape, Wilhelm (1914), Max Sengebusch, editor, Handwörterbuch der griechischen Sprache‎^[1] (in German), 3rd edition, Braunschweig: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn
• καπνός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “καπνός”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• “καπνός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• “καπνός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G2586 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• καπνός, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Greek

Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek καπνός (kapnós, “smoke”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaˈpnos/
• Hyphenation: κα‧πνός

Noun

καπνός • (kapnós) m (plural καπνοί m pl or καπνά n pl)

1. (plural καπνοί) smoke

   δεν υπάρχει καπνός χωρίς φωτιά ― den ypárchei kapnós chorís fotiá ― there is no smoke without fire

2. (plural καπνά) tobacco (plant and its products)

Declension

Declension of καπνός

	singular	plural
nominative	καπνός (kapnós)	καπνοί (kapnoí)
genitive	καπνού (kapnoú)	καπνών (kapnón)
accusative	καπνό (kapnó)	καπνούς (kapnoús)
vocative	καπνέ (kapné)	καπνοί (kapnoí)

The 'tobacco' sense has the neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural form καπνά n pl (kapná).

Related terms

• see: καπνίζω (kapnízo, “to smoke”)

See also

• ταμπάκος m (tampákos, “snuff”)
• νικοτιανή f (nikotianí, “nicotiana”)

References

• καπνός, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language

Further reading

• καπνός on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el