λαβύρινθος
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unknown, but Proto-Hellenic *dabúrintʰos can be reconstructed;[1] likely Pre-Greek (whence Mycenaean Greek 𐀅𐁆𐀪𐀵𐀍 (da-pu2-ri-to-jo)). Possibly from Lydian 𐤩𐤠𐤡𐤭𐤧𐤳 (lapryš, “double-edged axe”), a royal symbol, as λαβύρινθος (labúrinthos) supposedly originally referred to a Minoan palace on Crete.[2] See also λάβρυς (lábrus, “axe”) and λαύρα (laúra, “lane, passage”). The spelling in Linear B suggests an origin in another language, possibly Minoan.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /la.bý.rin.tʰos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /laˈby.rin.tʰos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /laˈβy.rin.θos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /laˈvy.rin.θos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /laˈvi.rin.θos/
Noun
[edit]λᾰβῠ́ρῐνθος • (lăbŭ́rĭnthos) m (genitive λᾰβῠρῐ́νθου); second declension
- A labyrinth, maze; a large building consisting of numerous halls connected by intricate and tortuous passages.
- Something obscure or inscrutable.
- Any wreathed or coiled up body.
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ λᾰβῠ́ρῐνθος ho lăbŭ́rĭnthos |
τὼ λᾰβῠρῐ́νθω tṑ lăbŭrĭ́nthō |
οἱ λᾰβῠ́ρῐνθοι hoi lăbŭ́rĭnthoi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ λᾰβῠρῐ́νθου toû lăbŭrĭ́nthou |
τοῖν λᾰβῠρῐ́νθοιν toîn lăbŭrĭ́nthoin |
τῶν λᾰβῠρῐ́νθων tôn lăbŭrĭ́nthōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ λᾰβῠρῐ́νθῳ tôi lăbŭrĭ́nthōi |
τοῖν λᾰβῠρῐ́νθοιν toîn lăbŭrĭ́nthoin |
τοῖς λᾰβῠρῐ́νθοις toîs lăbŭrĭ́nthois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν λᾰβῠ́ρῐνθον tòn lăbŭ́rĭnthon |
τὼ λᾰβῠρῐ́νθω tṑ lăbŭrĭ́nthō |
τοὺς λᾰβῠρῐ́νθους toùs lăbŭrĭ́nthous | ||||||||||
Vocative | λᾰβῠ́ρῐνθε lăbŭ́rĭnthe |
λᾰβῠρῐ́νθω lăbŭrĭ́nthō |
λᾰβῠ́ρῐνθοι lăbŭ́rĭnthoi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Descendants
[edit]- → Latin: labyrinthus (see there for further descendants)
- → Greek: λαβύρινθος (lavýrinthos)
- → Russian: лабири́нт (labirínt)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ “LABYRINTHUS”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Further reading
[edit]- “λαβύρινθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “λαβύρινθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- λαβύρινθος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- λαβύρινθος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- λαβύρινθος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Greek
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]λαβύρινθος • (lavýrinthos) m (plural λαβύρινθοι)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | λαβύρινθος (lavýrinthos) | λαβύρινθοι (lavýrinthoi) |
genitive | λαβυρίνθου (lavyrínthou) | λαβυρίνθων (lavyrínthon) |
accusative | λαβύρινθο (lavýrintho) | λαβυρίνθους (lavyrínthous) |
vocative | λαβύρινθε (lavýrinthe) | λαβύρινθοι (lavýrinthoi) |
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Lydian
- Ancient Greek 4-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek nouns
- Greek masculine nouns
- el:Anatomy
- Greek nouns declining like 'άνθρωπος'