πόρος

See also: Πόρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From the o-grade of πείρω (peírō, “to pierce, to run through”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pó.ros/ → /ˈpo.ros/ → /ˈpo.ros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pó.ros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpo.ros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpo.ros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpo.ros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpo.ros/

Noun

πόρος • (póros) m (genitive πόρου); second declension

1. a means of passage, passageway, way, opening
2. especially passage over a body of water: ford, strait, ferry, bridge
3. a pore on the skin
4. a means to an end
5. resource
6. (biology) fiber, filament, thread
7. journey

Declension

Second declension of ὁ πόρος; τοῦ πόρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πόρος ho póros	τὼ πόρω tṑ pórō	οἱ πόροι hoi póroi
Genitive	τοῦ πόρου toû pórou	τοῖν πόροιν toîn póroin	τῶν πόρων tôn pórōn
Dative	τῷ πόρῳ tōî pórōi	τοῖν πόροιν toîn póroin	τοῖς πόροις toîs pórois
Accusative	τὸν πόρον tòn póron	τὼ πόρω tṑ pórō	τοὺς πόρους toùs pórous
Vocative	πόρε póre	πόρω pórō	πόροι póroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of πόρος; πόροιο / πόρου (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	πόρος póros	πόρω pórō	πόροι póroi
Genitive	πόροιο / πόρου póroio / pórou	πόροιῐ̈ν póroiĭ̈n	πόρων pórōn
Dative	πόρῳ pórōi	πόροιῐ̈ν póroiĭ̈n	πόροισῐ / πόροισῐν / πόροις póroisĭ(n) / pórois
Accusative	πόρον póron	πόρω pórō	πόρους pórous
Vocative	πόρε póre	πόρω pórō	πόροι póroi
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Second declension of ὁ πόρος; τοῦ πόρου (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πόρος ho póros	τὼ πόρω tṑ pórō	οἱ πόροι hoi póroi
Genitive	τοῦ πόρου toû pórou	τοῖν πόροιν toîn póroin	τῶν πόρων tôn pórōn
Dative	τῷ πόρῳ tōî pórōi	τοῖν πόροιν toîn póroin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν πόροισῐ / πόροισῐν toîsĭ(n) póroisĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν πόρον tòn póron	τὼ πόρω tṑ pórō	τοὺς πόρους toùs pórous
Vocative	πόρε póre	πόρω pórō	πόροι póroi
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• ᾰ̓́πορος (ắporos)
• Βόσπορος (Bósporos)
• δῠ́σπορος (dŭ́sporos)
• ἔμπορος (émporos)
• εὔπορος (eúporos)
• εὐρῠ́πορος (eurŭ́poros)
• πεζοπόρος (pezopóros)
• ὕσπορος (húsporos), Ὕσπορος (Húsporos)
• ὠκῠ́πορος (ōkŭ́poros)

Descendants

• Greek: πόρος (póros)
• Tsakonian: πόρε (póre, “door”)
• → Aramaic:

  Classical Syriac: ܦܘܪܣܐ (pursā)

  Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: פורסא (pursā)

  • → Arabic: فُرْصَة (furṣa)
• → Latin: porus (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• “πόρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πόρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πόρος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• “πόρος” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• πόρος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “πόρος”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• πόρος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007), Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • avenue idem, page 55.
  • channel idem, page 124.
  • contrivance idem, page 170.
  • device idem, page 220.
  • expedient idem, page 293.
  • ferry idem, page 316.
  • ford idem, page 336.
  • invention idem, page 456.
  • journey idem, page 464.
  • machinery idem, page 506.
  • means idem, page 520.
  • medium idem, page 522.
  • method idem, page 527.
  • passage idem, page 597.
  • path idem, page 598.
  • pilgrimage idem, page 613.
  • plan idem, page 617.
  • pore idem, page 627.
  • process idem, page 644.
  • resource idem, page 703.
  • revenue idem, page 709.
  • road idem, page 718.
  • scheme idem, page 739.
  • strait idem, page 822.
  • track idem, page 885.
  • vehicle idem, page 946.
  • voyage idem, page 958.
  • way idem, page 968.

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πόρος (póros).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpo.ɾos/

Noun

πόρος • (póros) m (plural πόροι)

1. (anatomy) pore, duct

   Ο ιδρώτας έτρεχε από κάθε πόρο του δέρματος μας.

   O idrótas étreche apó káthe póro tou dérmatos mas.

   Sweat ran from every pore of our skin.

2. (in the plural) resources, (financial) means

   φυσικοί πόροι ― fysikoí póroi ― natural resources

Declension

Declension of πόρος

	singular	plural
nominative	πόρος (póros)	πόροι (póroi)
genitive	πόρου (pórou)	πόρων (póron)
accusative	πόρο (póro)	πόρους (pórous)
vocative	πόρε (póre)	πόροι (póroi)

Derived terms

• πόροι (póroi, “public revenues”)