казак

See also: қазақ and ҡаҙаҡ

Belarusian

Etymology

From Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ), from Turkic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɐˈzak]

Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m pers (genitive казака́, nominative plural казакі́, genitive plural казако́ў, feminine каза́чка)

1. Cossack, cossack

Declension

Declension of каза́к (pr velar masc-form accent-b)

	singular	plural
nominative	каза́к kazák	казакі́ kazakí
genitive	казака́ kazaká	казако́ў kazakóŭ
dative	казаку́ kazakú	казака́м kazakám
accusative	казака́ kazaká	казако́ў kazakóŭ
instrumental	казако́м kazakóm	казака́мі kazakámi
locative	казаку́ kazakú	казака́х kazakáx
vocative	каза́ча kazáča	—
count form	—	казакі́1 kazakí1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

• “казак” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian каза́к (kazák) (cf. Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ)), of Kipchak origin.

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [kaˈzak]

Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m (feminine каза́чка)

1. Cossack

Declension

Declension of каза́к

	singular	plural
indefinite	каза́к kazák	каза́ци kazáci
definite (subject form)	каза́кът kazákǎt	каза́ците kazácite
definite (object form)	каза́ка kazáka
vocative form	каза́ко kazáko	каза́ци kazáci

Related terms

• каза́х (kazáh, “Kazakh”)

References

• “казак”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “казак”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Kyrgyz

Etymology

From Old Turkic 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰸 (*qazǧaq, “profiteer”), from 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰣𐰢𐰴 (qazǧanmaq, “to acquire”), from 𐰴𐰔𐰢𐰴 (qazmaq, “to dig out”), from Proto-Turkic *kaŕ-. More at Kazakhs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qazaq/
• Hyphenation: ка‧зак

Adjective

казак • (kazak)

1. Kazakh (pertaining to the Kazakh people or the Kazakh language)

Noun

казак • (kazak) (Arabic spelling قازاق)

1. Kazakh (by ethnicity)

Declension

Declension of казак

	singular (жекелик)	plural (көптөгөн)
nominative (атооч)	казак kazak	казактар kazaktar
genitive (илик)	казактын kazaktın	казактардын kazaktardın
dative (барыш)	казакка kazakka	казактарга kazaktarga
accusative (табыш)	казакты kazaktı	казактарды kazaktardı
locative (жатыш)	казакта kazakta	казактарда kazaktarda
ablative (чыгыш)	казактан kazaktan	казактардан kazaktardan
	possessive forms
	first-person singular (менин)
nominative	казакым kazakım	казактарым kazaktarım
genitive	казакымдын kazakımdın	казактарымдын kazaktarımdın
dative	казакыма kazakıma	казактарыма kazaktarıma
accusative	казакымды kazakımdı	казактарымды kazaktarımdı
locative	казакымда kazakımda	казактарымда kazaktarımda
ablative	казакымдан kazakımdan	казактарымдан kazaktarımdan
	second-person singular informal (сенин)
nominative	казакың kazakıŋ	казактарың kazaktarıŋ
genitive	казакыңдын kazakıŋdın	казактарыңдын kazaktarıŋdın
dative	казакыңа kazakıŋa	казактарыңа kazaktarıŋa
accusative	казакыңды kazakıŋdı	казактарыңды kazaktarıŋdı
locative	казакыңда kazakıŋda	казактарыңда kazaktarıŋda
ablative	казакыңдан kazakıŋdan	казактарыңдан kazaktarıŋdan
	second-person singular formal (сиздин)
nominative	казакыңыз kazakıŋız	казактарыңыз kazaktarıŋız
genitive	казакыңыздын kazakıŋızdın	казактарыңыздын kazaktarıŋızdın
dative	казакыңызга kazakıŋızga	казактарыңызга kazaktarıŋızga
accusative	казакыңызды kazakıŋızdı	казактарыңызды kazaktarıŋızdı
locative	казакыңызда kazakıŋızda	казактарыңызда kazaktarıŋızda
ablative	казакыңыздан kazakıŋızdan	казактарыңыздан kazaktarıŋızdan

Derived terms

• казакча (kazakca)
• Казакстан (Kazakstan)
  • казакстандык (kazakstandık)

Russian

Alternative forms

• коза́к (kozák)
• коза́къ (kozák) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ). Cognate to каза́х (kazáx, “Kazakh”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɐˈzak]

• Audio

  (file)

• Homophone: коза́к (kozák)

Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m anim (genitive казака́, nominative plural казаки́ or каза́ки^*, genitive plural казако́в or каза́ков^*, feminine каза́чка, relational adjective каза́чий or каза́цкий, diminutive казачо́к, pejorative казачи́шка) (* dated, uncommon)

1. Cossack, cossack
2. (obsolete) Kazakh

   Synonym: каза́х (kazáx)

Usage notes

• The older norm for "Cossack" was "коза́къ" (before 1918) and "коза́к" (until around the 1960s), and the older norm for "Kazakh" was "каза́къ" (before 1918) and until 1936 "каза́к". In modern Russian, the standard spelling for "Cossack" is only "каза́к", with two different stress patterns (b and d), e.g. plural "казаки́" or "каза́ки". For "Kazakh", only "каза́х" is the correct form, with stress pattern "a". According to Vasmer, "каза́ки" (stress pattern d) was influenced by Polish.

Declension

Declension of каза́к (anim masc-form velar-stem accent-b/d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	каза́к kazák	казаки́, каза́ки* kazakí, kazáki*
genitive	казака́ kazaká	казако́в, каза́ков* kazakóv, kazákov*
dative	казаку́ kazakú	казака́м, каза́кам* kazakám, kazákam*
accusative	казака́ kazaká	казако́в, каза́ков* kazakóv, kazákov*
instrumental	казако́м kazakóm	казака́ми, каза́ками* kazakámi, kazákami*
prepositional	казаке́ kazaké	казака́х, каза́ках* kazakáx, kazákax*
vocative	каза́че kazáče

^* Dated, uncommon.

Descendants

• → Aleut: Kasakax̂
• → Danish: kosak
• → Finnish: kasakka
• → Ingrian: kazakka
• → Kamassian: кхазакх (kʰazakʰ)
• → Romanian: cazac
• → Proto-Samic:
  • Kildin Sami: kаs (kas, “servant”)
• → Yup'ik: kass'aq

Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m anim (genitive каза́ка, nominative plural каза́ки, genitive plural каза́ков, feminine каза́чка, relational adjective каза́кский)

1. (obsolete) Kazakh

   Synonym: каза́х (kazáx)

Usage notes

• The older norm for "Kazakh" was "каза́къ" (before 1918) and until 1936 "каза́к". In modern Russian, the correct form is only "каза́х", with stress pattern "a".

Declension

Declension of каза́к (anim masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	каза́к kazák	каза́ки kazáki
genitive	каза́ка kazáka	каза́ков kazákov
dative	каза́ку kazáku	каза́кам kazákam
accusative	каза́ка kazáka	каза́ков kazákov
instrumental	каза́ком kazákom	каза́ками kazákami
prepositional	каза́ке kazáke	каза́ках kazákax

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “казак”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress