казак

See also: қазақ and ҡаҙаҡ

Belarusian

Etymology

From Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ), from Turkic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kaˈzak]

Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m pers (genitive казака́, nominative plural казакі́, genitive plural казако́ў, feminine каза́чка)

1. Cossack, cossack

Declension

Declension of каза́к (pr velar masc-form accent-b)

	singular	plural
nominative	каза́к kazák	казакі́ kazakí
genitive	казака́ kazaká	казако́ў kazakóŭ
dative	казаку́ kazakú	казака́м kazakám
accusative	казака́ kazaká	казако́ў kazakóŭ
instrumental	казако́м kazakóm	казака́мі kazakámi
locative	казаку́ kazakú	казака́х kazakáx
count form	—	казакі́1 kazakí1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

• “казак” in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

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Russian

Alternative forms

• коза́к (kozák)
• коза́къ (kozák) – Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

From Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ), from Turkic languages ("free, independent person, an adventurer, a drifter"), cognate to каза́х (kazáx, “Kazakh”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɐˈzak]
• Homophone: коза́к (kozák)

Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m anim (genitive казака́, nominative plural казаки́ or каза́ки, genitive plural казако́в or каза́ков, feminine каза́чка, related adjective каза́чий or каза́цкий, diminutive казачо́к)

1. Cossack, cossack
2. (obsolete) Kazakh

   Synonym: каза́х (kazáx)

Declension

Declension of каза́к (anim masc-form velar-stem accent-b/d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	каза́к kazák	казаки́, каза́ки kazakí, kazáki
genitive	казака́ kazaká	казако́в, каза́ков kazakóv, kazákov
dative	казаку́ kazakú	казака́м, каза́кам kazakám, kazákam
accusative	казака́ kazaká	казако́в, каза́ков kazakóv, kazákov
instrumental	казако́м kazakóm	казака́ми, каза́ками kazakámi, kazákami
prepositional	казаке́ kazaké	казака́х, каза́ках kazakáx, kazákax
vocative	каза́че kazáče

Descendants

• → Danish: kosak
• → Finnish: kasakka
• → Romanian: cazac
• → Samic:
  • Kildin Sami: kаs (kas, “servant”)

Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m anim (genitive каза́ка, nominative plural каза́ки, genitive plural каза́ков, feminine каза́чка, related adjective каза́кский)

1. (obsolete) Kazakh

   Synonym: каза́х (kazáx)

Declension

Declension of каза́к (anim masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	каза́к kazák	каза́ки kazáki
genitive	каза́ка kazáka	каза́ков kazákov
dative	каза́ку kazáku	каза́кам kazákam
accusative	каза́ка kazáka	каза́ков kazákov
instrumental	каза́ком kazákom	каза́ками kazákami
prepositional	каза́ке kazáke	каза́ках kazákax

Usage notes

• The older norm form "Cossack" was "коза́къ" (before 1918) and "коза́к" (till around 1960's) and the older norm for "Kazakh" was "каза́къ" (before 1918) and until 1936 "каза́к".
• In modern Russian, the standard spelling for "Cossack" is only "каза́к", with two different stress patterns (b and d), e.g. plural "казаки́" or "каза́ки". For "Kazakh" only "каза́х" is the correct form with stress pattern "a".
• According to Vasmer, "каза́ки" (stress pattern d) was influenced by Polish.

References

• Vasmer, Max, “казак”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language]‎^[1] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Oleg Trubačóv, Moscow: Progress, 1964–1973