рубеж

Bulgarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian рубе́ж (rubéž). By surface analysis, ръ́бя (rǎ́bja, “to fringe”) +‎ -еж (-ež). Doublet of ръбе́ж (rǎbéž) (dialectal inhereted term).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [roˈbɛʃ]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛʃ
• Syllabification^(key): ру‧беж

Noun

рубе́ж • (rubéž) m (relational adjective рубе́жен)

1. edge, front
2. (military) frontier, line of contact

   огневи рубеж ― ognevi rubež ― line of fire

Declension

Declension of рубе́ж

	singular	plural
indefinite	рубе́ж rubéž	рубе́жи rubéži
definite (subject form)	рубе́жът rubéžǎt	рубе́жите rubéžite
definite (object form)	рубе́жа rubéža
count form	—	рубе́жа rubéža

References

• “рубеж”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “рубеж”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Eastern Mari

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian рубе́ж (rubéž).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾuˈbeʒ/
• Rhymes: -eʒ
• Hyphenation: ру‧беж

Noun

рубеж • (rubež)

1. boundary, border, borderline
2. (war) line
3. border, boundary

Declension

Declension of рубеж

		singular	plural
nominative		рубеж (rubež)	рубеж-влак (rubež-vlak)
accusative		рубежым (rubežym)	рубеж-влакым (rubež-vlakym)
genitive		рубежын (rubežyn)	рубеж-влакын (rubež-vlakyn)
dative		рубежлан (rubežlan)	рубеж-влаклан (rubež-vlaklan)
comitative		рубежге (rubežge)	рубеж-влакге (rubež-vlakge)
comparative		рубежла (rubežla)	рубеж-влакла (rubež-vlakla)
inessive		рубежыште (rubežyšte)	рубеж-влакыште (rubež-vlakyšte)
illative	short	рубежыш (rubežyš)	рубеж-влакыш (rubež-vlakyš)
	long	рубежышке (rubežyške)	рубеж-влакышке (rubež-vlakyške)
lative		рубежеш (rubežeš)	рубеж-влакеш (rubež-vlakeš)

Possessed forms of рубеж

	singular	plural
1st person	рубежем (rubežem)	рубежна (rubežna)
2nd person	рубежет (rubežet)	рубежда (rubežda)
3rd person	рубежше (rubežše)	рубежышт (rubežyšt)

Synonyms

• пысман (pysman)
• чек (ček)

Derived terms

nouns

• тушман рубеж (tušman rubež)

References

• J. Bradley et al. (2023), “рубеж”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna

Russian

Alternative forms

• рубе́жъ (rubéž) — pre-1918 spelling

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic рубежь (rubežĭ), from Proto-Slavic *rǫbežь, from *rǫbiti (“to chop, hem”) + *-ežь. Doublet of рубёж (rubjóž).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rʊˈbʲeʂ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

рубе́ж • (rubéž) m inan (genitive рубежа́, nominative plural рубежи́, genitive plural рубеже́й)

1. boundary, border, borderline, frontier (the line or frontier area separating regions)
2. line

Declension

Declension of рубе́ж (inan masc-form sibilant-stem accent-b) 

	singular	plural
nominative	рубе́ж rubéž	рубежи́ rubeží
genitive	рубежа́ rubežá	рубеже́й rubežéj
dative	рубежу́ rubežú	рубежа́м rubežám
accusative	рубе́ж rubéž	рубежи́ rubeží
instrumental	рубежо́м rubežóm	рубежа́ми rubežámi
prepositional	рубеже́ rubežé	рубежа́х rubežáx

Synonyms

• грани́ца (graníca), преде́л (predél)
• ве́ха (véxa), эта́п (etáp)
• ли́ния (línija)

Related terms

• рубе́жный (rubéžnyj)
• зарубе́жный (zarubéžnyj)
• зарубе́жье (zarubéžʹje)

Descendants

• → Eastern Mari: рубеж (rubež)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “рубеж”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress