آکڑ

Pahari-Potwari

Etymology

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (*ākkaḍa).

Noun

آکَڑ (ākaṛ) f

1. arrogance, conceit (excessive self-esteem)

Declension

Declension of آکڑ

	singular	plural
direct	آکڑ (ākṛ)	آکڑاں (ākṛāṉ)
oblique	آکڑَے (ākṛai)	آکڑاں (ākṛāṉ)
vocative	آکڑے (ākṛe)	آکڑو (ākṛo)
ablative	آکڑُوں (ākṛūṉ)	-
locative	آکڑے (ākṛe)	آکڑِیں (ākṛīṉ)
instrumental	آکڑے (ākṛe)	آکڑِیں (ākṛīṉ)

Further reading

• شیراز ،طاہِر [Tahir, Shiraz] (2016), “آکڑ”, in شِیرازُ الْلُّغات: پوٹھوہارِی لُغَت [Pothohari Dictionary] (in Urdu), Peshawar: گَنْدھارا ہِنْدْکو اَکَیڈَمِی (gandhārā hindko akaiḍamī) [Gandhara Hindko Academy], →ISBN, page 6, column 2.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*ākkaḍa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 45

Punjabi

Etymology

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (*ākkaḍa). Cognate to Saraiki آکِڑ (ākuṛu), Sindhi آڪُڙُ (ākuṛu) / آڪَڙِ (ākaṛi), Urdu اَکَڑ (akaṛ) / Hindi अकड़ (akaṛ), Marathi अकड (akaḍ), Gujarati અકડ (akaḍ) and Nepali अक्कर (akkar).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /äː.kəɽ/, [äː.kɐɽᵊ]

Noun

آکَڑ • (ākaṛ) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਆਕੜ)

1. arrogance, conceit (excessive self-esteem; disregard for the opinions of others)

   Synonym: گُھمَنْڈ (ghumanḍ)

2. crookedness, stiffness (state of being stiff; tightness)

Declension

Declension of آکڑ

	singular	plural
direct	آکَڑ (ākaṛ)	آکَڑاں (ākaṛāṉ)
oblique	آکَڑ (ākaṛ)	آکَڑاں (ākaṛāṉ)
vocative	آکَڑے (ākaṛe)	آکَڑو (ākaṛo)
ablative	آکَڑوں (ākaṛoṉ)	—
locative	آکَڑی (ākaṛī)	آکَڑِیں (ākaṛīṉ)
instrumental	آکَڑے (ākaṛe)	آکَڑِیں (ākaṛīṉ)

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “آکڑ”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]
• “ਆਕੜ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2026
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*ākkaḍa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 45