با

See also: ـبا, تا, پا, باـ, and Appendix:Variations of "ba"

Brahui

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *wāy (“mouth, beak”); compare Tamil வாய் (vāy), Kurukh बई (baī).

Noun

با (bā)

1. mouth, aperture

Declension

Declension of با

	singular	plural
nominative	با (bā)	باک (bāk)
genitive	بائَنا (bāanā)	باتا (bātā)
dative	بائَکِ (bāak-i)	باتیکِ (bātek-i)
objective	باۓ (bā-ye)	باتے (bāte)
instrumental	بائَٹ (bāaṭ)	باتیئَٹ (bāteaṭ)
comitative	بائَتو (bāato)	باتیتو (bāteto)
ablative	بائان (bāān)	باتیئان (bāteān)
locative	بائَٹی (bāaṭī) باٹی (bāṭī)	باتیٹی (bāteṭī)
lative	بائای (bāāī)	باتیئای (bāteāī)
adessive	بائِس (bāis) بائِسْک (bāisk)	باتیک (bātek)
terminative	بائِسْکا (bāiskā)	باتیکا (bātekā)

Monosyllabic noun ending in a long vowel.
Example: با (bā)

Further reading

• Burrow, T.; Emeneau, M. B. (1984), “5352”, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN.
• Bray, Denys (1934), “bā”, in The Brahui Language‎^[1], Calcutta, India: Superintendent Government Printing, Part II: The Brāhūī Problem; Part III: Etymological Vocabulary, page 59

Central Kurdish

Alternative forms

• وا (wa) — Ardalani

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *HwáHatah (“wind”) (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬙𐬋 (vātō), Pashto and Persian باد (bâd)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwáHatas (“wind”) (compare Sanskrit वात (vā́ta)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥ts (“blowing”), present participle of *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baː/

Noun

Northern Kurdish	ba
Southern Kurdish	وا (wa)
Laki	وا (wa)

با (ba)

1. wind

Derived terms

• باوەشێن (baweşên)
• باڕەش (barreş)
• باگێژە (bagêje)

Persian

Etymology 1

From earlier ابا (abā / abâ), inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (LWTE /⁠abāg⁠/, “with”), Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbʾg /⁠abāg⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbaː/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔ]

Readings
Classical reading?	bā
Dari reading?	bā
Iranian reading?	bâ
Tajik reading?	bo

Preposition

Dari	با, کتی
Iranian Persian	با
Tajik	бо, қатӣ

با • (bā / bâ) (normal in Iran, formal in Dari/Tajik)

1. with (someone)

   همیشه باهام میمونی؟ (colloquial Tehrani)

   hamiše bâ-hâm mi-muni?

   Will you always stay with me?

2. with, by, using

   نقاشی با دست چپ

   naqqāšī bā dast-i čap / naġġâši bâ dast-e čap

   drawing with left hand

3. with (considering)

   Synonym: با وجود (bā wujūd-i / bâ vojud-e)

4. from (indicating differentiation)

   با چیزی یا کسی فرق داشتن

   bā / bâ čīzē yā kasē farq dāštan / čizi yâ kasi farġ dâštan

   To differ from someone or something

5. with (in support of)
6. for (in exchange for)
7. (uncommon on its own) despite
   • c. 1320, Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī, “Ghazal 822”, in دیوانِ امیرخسرو دهلوی [Divan of Amīr Khusraw]‎^[2]:

     باطل بود شنیدن دعوی عشق از آن کس
     کش با جمال جانان پهلو به بستر آید

     bātil buwad šunīdan-i da'wā-yi išq az ān kas
     k-aš bā jamāl-i jānān pahlū ba bastar āyad

     It is false to hear protestations of love from someone
     Who can fall asleep on bed despite the beloved's beauty.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

8. (Classical Persian) synonym of به (ba / be, “expressing movement; to; towards”)

   با یاد آورد.

   bā / bâ yād āward. / yâd âvard.

   They (sg.) remembered.

9. (Classical Persian) synonym of بر (bar, “on”)
10. (Classical Persian) synonym of در (dar, “in”)

Particle

با • (bā / bâ)

1. (Classical Persian) synonym of را (rā / râ, “indicating the direct object”)

Conjunction

با • (bā / bâ)

1. (Classical Persian) synonym of و (wa / va, “and”)

Usage notes

• In Afghanistan and Tajikistan (not in Iran), it has a somewhat formal connotation and is less common in informal speech compared to کَتی (katē).

Derived terms

• با وجود (bā wujūd-i / bâ vojud-e)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑ́ː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑ́ː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑ́ː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔ́ː]

Readings
Dari reading?	bā

Noun

با • (bā)

1. pronunciation spelling of بها, representing Kabuli and Hazaragi Persian

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbaː/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔ]

Readings
Classical reading?	bā
Dari reading?	bā
Iranian reading?	bâ
Tajik reading?	bo

Noun

با • (bā / bâ)

1. (Classical Persian) clipping of باز (bāz / bâz, “hawk, falcon”)

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbaː/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔ]

Readings
Classical reading?	bā
Dari reading?	bā
Iranian reading?	bâ
Tajik reading?	bo

Noun

با • (bā / bâ)

1. unhamzated form of باء (bā' / bâ', “bā'”)

Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbaː/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔ]

Readings
Classical reading?	bā
Dari reading?	bā
Iranian reading?	bâ
Tajik reading?	bo

Noun

با • (bā / bâ)

1. (Classical Persian) clipping of باد (bād / bâd, third-person singular present optative of بودن (būdan / budan, “to be”))

Etymology 6

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbaː/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔ]

Readings
Classical reading?	bā
Dari reading?	bā
Iranian reading?	bâ
Tajik reading?	bo

Noun

با • (bā / bâ)

1. (Classical Persian) clipping of بابا (bābā / bâbâ, “title”)