تعرض

Arabic

Root
ع ر ض (ʕ-r-ḍ)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.ʕar.ra.dˤa/

Verb

تَعَرَّضَ • (taʕarraḍa) V, non-past يَتَعَرَّضُ‎ (yataʕarraḍu)

1. to expose oneself to

   تَعَرَّضَ لِلشَّمْسِ ― taʕarraḍa li-š-šamsi ― He exposed himself to the sun

Conjugation

Conjugation of

تَعَرَّضَ

(form-V sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَعَرُّض taʕarruḍ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُتَعَرِّض mutaʕarriḍ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُتَعَرَّض mutaʕarraḍ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تَعَرَّضْتُ taʕarraḍtu	تَعَرَّضْتَ taʕarraḍta	تَعَرَّضَ taʕarraḍa		تَعَرَّضْتُمَا taʕarraḍtumā	تَعَرَّضَا taʕarraḍā		تَعَرَّضْنَا taʕarraḍnā	تَعَرَّضْتُمْ taʕarraḍtum	تَعَرَّضُوا taʕarraḍū
	f		تَعَرَّضْتِ taʕarraḍti	تَعَرَّضَتْ taʕarraḍat			تَعَرَّضَتَا taʕarraḍatā			تَعَرَّضْتُنَّ taʕarraḍtunna	تَعَرَّضْنَ taʕarraḍna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَتَعَرَّضُ ʔataʕarraḍu	تَتَعَرَّضُ tataʕarraḍu	يَتَعَرَّضُ yataʕarraḍu		تَتَعَرَّضَانِ tataʕarraḍāni	يَتَعَرَّضَانِ yataʕarraḍāni		نَتَعَرَّضُ nataʕarraḍu	تَتَعَرَّضُونَ tataʕarraḍūna	يَتَعَرَّضُونَ yataʕarraḍūna
	f		تَتَعَرَّضِينَ tataʕarraḍīna	تَتَعَرَّضُ tataʕarraḍu			تَتَعَرَّضَانِ tataʕarraḍāni			تَتَعَرَّضْنَ tataʕarraḍna	يَتَعَرَّضْنَ yataʕarraḍna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَتَعَرَّضَ ʔataʕarraḍa	تَتَعَرَّضَ tataʕarraḍa	يَتَعَرَّضَ yataʕarraḍa		تَتَعَرَّضَا tataʕarraḍā	يَتَعَرَّضَا yataʕarraḍā		نَتَعَرَّضَ nataʕarraḍa	تَتَعَرَّضُوا tataʕarraḍū	يَتَعَرَّضُوا yataʕarraḍū
	f		تَتَعَرَّضِي tataʕarraḍī	تَتَعَرَّضَ tataʕarraḍa			تَتَعَرَّضَا tataʕarraḍā			تَتَعَرَّضْنَ tataʕarraḍna	يَتَعَرَّضْنَ yataʕarraḍna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَتَعَرَّضْ ʔataʕarraḍ	تَتَعَرَّضْ tataʕarraḍ	يَتَعَرَّضْ yataʕarraḍ		تَتَعَرَّضَا tataʕarraḍā	يَتَعَرَّضَا yataʕarraḍā		نَتَعَرَّضْ nataʕarraḍ	تَتَعَرَّضُوا tataʕarraḍū	يَتَعَرَّضُوا yataʕarraḍū
	f		تَتَعَرَّضِي tataʕarraḍī	تَتَعَرَّضْ tataʕarraḍ			تَتَعَرَّضَا tataʕarraḍā			تَتَعَرَّضْنَ tataʕarraḍna	يَتَعَرَّضْنَ yataʕarraḍna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		تَعَرَّضْ taʕarraḍ			تَعَرَّضَا taʕarraḍā				تَعَرَّضُوا taʕarraḍū
	f		تَعَرَّضِي taʕarraḍī							تَعَرَّضْنَ taʕarraḍna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	تُعُرِّضَ tuʕurriḍa		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُتَعَرَّضُ yutaʕarraḍu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُتَعَرَّضَ yutaʕarraḍa		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُتَعَرَّضْ yutaʕarraḍ		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Etymology 2

Verbal noun of تَعَرَّضَ (taʕarraḍa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.ʕar.rudˤ/

Noun

تَعَرُّض • (taʕarruḍ) m

1. verbal noun of تَعَرَّضَ (taʕarraḍa) (form V)
2. exposure
3. proneness
4. opposition

Declension

Declension of noun تَعَرُّض (taʕarruḍ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَعَرُّض taʕarruḍ	التَّعَرُّض at-taʕarruḍ	تَعَرُّض taʕarruḍ
Nominative	تَعَرُّضٌ taʕarruḍun	التَّعَرُّضُ at-taʕarruḍu	تَعَرُّضُ taʕarruḍu
Accusative	تَعَرُّضًا taʕarruḍan	التَّعَرُّضَ at-taʕarruḍa	تَعَرُّضَ taʕarruḍa
Genitive	تَعَرُّضٍ taʕarruḍin	التَّعَرُّضِ at-taʕarruḍi	تَعَرُّضِ taʕarruḍi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: təərrüz
• → Ottoman Turkish: تعرض (taʿarruz)
  • → Turkish: taarruz
• → Persian: تعرض
• → Uyghur: تەئەررۇز (te'erruz)
• → Uzbek: taarruz

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic تَعَرُّض (taʕarruḍ).

Noun

تعرض • (taarrüz) (plural تعرضات)

1. crossing paths
2. opposing, attacking

Descendants

• Turkish: taarruz

See also

• تعارض (taaruz)

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “taarruz”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “تعرض”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 560

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَعَرُّض (taʕarruḍ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ta.ʔaɾ.ˈɾuz]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.ʔär.rʊ́z]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.ʔär.rʊ́z]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑːär.rʊ́z]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɔːär.rúz]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰæ.ʔæɹ.ɹóz]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.ʔäɾ.ɾúz]

Readings
Classical reading?	ta'arruz
Dari reading?	ta'arruz
Iranian reading?	ta'arroz
Tajik reading?	taʾarruz

Noun

تعرض • (ta'arroz) (plural تعرض‌ها (ta'arroz-hâ) or تعرضات (ta'arrozât))

1. assault; aggression
   • 2022 July 28, “امروز حتی فکر تعرض به خاک ایران به ذهن کسی خطور نمی‌کند”, in president.ir‎^[2]:

     دکتر رئیسی تأکید کرد: فرمانده معظم کل قوا و ما به عنوان دولت بارها اعلام کرده‌ایم؛ هر کسی را که بخواهد تعرضی به کشور داشته باشد، شدیدا پشیمان خواهیم کرد.

     doktor-e ra'isi ta'kid kard: farmândeh-e mo'azzem-e kol-e qovâ o mâ be onvân-e dowlat bâr-hâ e'lâm karde'im; har kasi râ ke bexâhad ta'arrozi be kešvar dâšte bâšad, šadidan pašimân xâhim kard.

     Doctor Ra'isi stated, "The Supreme Commander-in-Chief and we, as the government, have announced it repeatedly; we will make whoever wants to attack our country sorely regret it."

   • 2023 November 14, “پناهجوی افغان متهم به تجاوز و کتک زدن زنان در آسترالیا در پی صدور حکم دادگاه عالی آزاد شد”, in afintl.com‎^[3], Afghanistan International:

     روزنامه دیلی میل گزارش داد پس از آن که دادگاه عالی آسترالیا بازداشت نامحدود مهاجران را غیر قانونی اعلام کرد، پناهجوی افغان متهم به جرم تجاوز جنسی و تعرض به زنان مسن آزاد شد.

     rōznāma-yi daylī mayl guzāriš dād pas az ān ki dādgāh-i ālī-yi āstarāliyā bāzdāšt-i nāmahdūd-i muhājirān rā ğayr-i qānūnī i'lām kard, panāhjū-yi afğān-i muttaham ba jurm-i tajāwuz-i jinsī u ta'arruz ba zanān-i musin āzād šud.

     The Daily Mail newspaper reported that after the High Court of Australia declared the unlimited detention of migrants to be illegal, an Afghan asylum seeker accused of the crime of rape and assault against senior women was released.

     (Dari)

Derived terms

• تعرض کردن (ta'arroz kardan)

 

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ع ر ض
5 terms

Etymology

From Arabic تَعَرَّضَ (taʕarraḍa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʕar.radˤ/, [ɪtˈʕar.radˤ]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

تعرّض • (tʕarraḍ) V (present تبعرّض (bitʕarraḍ))

1. passive of عرّض (ʕarraḍ): to be exposed
2. to pester, to harass

Conjugation

Conjugation of تعرّض (tʕarraḍ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	تعرّضت (tʕarraḍt)	تعرّضت (tʕarraḍt)	تعرّض (tʕarraḍ)		تعرّضنا (tʕarraḍna)	تعرّضتو (tʕarraḍtu)	تعرّضو (tʕarraḍu)
	f		تعرّضتي (tʕarraḍti)	تعرّضت (tʕarraḍat)
present	m	بتعرّض (batʕarraḍ)	بتتعرّض (btitʕarraḍ)	بتعرّض (bitʕarraḍ)		منتعرّض (mnitʕarraḍ)	بتتعرّضو (btitʕarraḍu)	بتعرّضو (bitʕarraḍu)
	f		بتتعرّضي (btitʕarraḍi)	بتتعرّض (btitʕarraḍ)
subjunctive	m	اتعرّض (atʕarraḍ)	تتعرّض (titʕarraḍ)	يتعرّض (yitʕarraḍ)		نتعرّض (nitʕarraḍ)	تتعرّضو (titʕarraḍu)	يتعرّضو (yitʕarraḍu)
	f		تتعرّضي (titʕarraḍi)	تتعرّض (titʕarraḍ)
imperative	m		تعرّض (tʕarraḍ)				تعرّضو (tʕarraḍu)
	f		تعرّضي (tʕarraḍi)