توران

Chagatai

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تُورَان (tūrān).

Proper noun

توران • (twrān)

1. (historical) Turan (a region of Central Asia, originally populated by Iranian Central Asian nomads; later, Iranians came to identify Turkic neighbours as Turanians)

Descendants

• Uzbek: Turon

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تُورَان (tūrān).

Proper noun

توران • (turan)

1. (historical) Turan (a region of Central Asia, originally populated by Iranian Central Asian nomads; later, Iranians came to identify Turkic neighbours as Turanians)

Descendants

• Turkish: Turan

Persian

Etymology

"Son of Tur," whose name is of uncertain origin; possibly from تور (“brave”). The name is attested in the Avesta as 𐬙𐬏𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (tūⁱriia), drawing comparisons to Sanskrit तुरीय (turīya, “fourth”). See تور for more.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /tuː.ˈraːn/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰuː.ɾɑːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰuː.ɾɑːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰuː.ɾɑːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰu.ɾɔːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰuː.ɹɒːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰu.ɾɔn]

Readings
Classical reading?	tūrān
Dari reading?	tūrān
Iranian reading?	turân
Tajik reading?	turon

Proper noun

توران • (tūrān / turân) (Tajik spelling Турон)

1. (historical) Turan (a region of Central Asia, originally populated by Iranian Central Asian nomads; later, Iranians came to identify Turkic neighbours as Turanians)

Derived terms

• تورانی (tūrānī / turâni, “Turanian”)

Derived terms

• → Azerbaijani: Turan
• → Chagatai: توران (twrān)
  • Uzbek: Turon
• → English: Turan
• → French: Touran
• → German: Turan
• → Greek: Τουράν (Tourán)
• → Gujarati: તૂરાન (tūrān)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: तूरान (tūrān)

  Urdu: تُوران (tūrān)

• → New Latin: Turānia
• → Ottoman Turkish: توران
  • Turkish: Turan
• → Punjabi:

  Shahmukhi script: تُوران (tūrān)

• → Russian: Тура́н (Turán)

References

• Brill (1993): First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913-1936, p. 879
• “Turk”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
• Shantaram Bhalchandra Deo, Sūryanātha Kāmat (1993): The Aryan Problem: Papers Presented at the Seminar on the Aryan Problem Held at Bangalore in July 1991, p. 93

Urdu

توران

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian توران (tūrān, “Turan”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t̪uː.ɾɑːn/

Noun

توران • (tūrān) m (Hindi spelling तूरान)

1. (historical) Turan (a region of Central Asia, originally populated by Iranian Central Asian nomads; later, Iranians came to identify Turkic neighbours as Turanians)
2. Turkestan; the realm of the Turkic peoples

Derived terms

• تورانی (tūrānī, “Turanian”)

References

• “توران”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “توران”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884), “توران”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “توران”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.