تپه

See also: تته and بته

Khalaj

Noun

تَپه (təpə) (definite accusative تَپەنی, plural تَپەلَر)

1. Arabic spelling of təpə (“hill, knoll, mountain”)

Declension

Declension of تپه

	singular	plural
nominative	تپه	تپەلَر
genitive	تپەݧ	تپەلَریݧ
dative	تپەکه	تپەلَرکه
definite accusative	تپەݧ	تپەلَری
locative	تپەچه	تپەلَرچه
ablative	تپەده	تپەلَرده
instrumental	تپەله	تپەلَرله
equative	تپەوارا	تپەلَروارا

Old Anatolian Turkish

Noun

تَپَه • (täpä)

1. alternative form of دَپَه (däpä)

Further reading

• “depe”, in XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎^[1] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977

Ottoman Turkish

تپه

Alternative forms

• دپه (depe)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish دَپَه (däpä, “hill; top, apex”), from Proto-Turkic *tepe (“hill, top; top of head”).

Cognates

Cognate with Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰯𐰇 (t²üpü), Azerbaijani təpə, Bashkir түбә (tübə), Chuvash тӳпе (tüp̬e), Kazakh төбе (töbe), Kyrgyz дөбө (döbö), Turkmen depe, Tuvan тей (tey) and Uzbek tepa.

Noun

تپه • (tepe) (definite accusative تپه‌یی (tepeyi), plural تپه‌لر (tepeler))

1. hill, a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain, though smaller than a mountain

   Synonyms: بایر (bayır), پشته (puşte), تل (tell), كوه (küh)

2. summit, top, apex, peak, vertex, acme, the topmost or highest point or surface of a thing

   Synonyms: ذروه (zirve), طوروق (doruk), قله (kulle), قمه (kımme)

3. top, peak, summit, the highest point of a hill, mountain, or similar geographical feature

   Synonym: طوروق (doruk)

4. (anatomy) crown, apex, top, the topmost portion of the head, located behind the vertex

   Synonyms: باش تپه‌سی (baş tepesi), قمه (kımme)

Derived terms

• باش تپه‌سی (baş tepesi, “crown of the head”)
• تپه آتمق (tepe atmak, “to throb violently”)
• تپه جامی (tepe cami, “bull's eye”)
• تپه كمیكی (tepe kemiği, “skull”)
• تپه كوز (tepe göz, “Cyclops, Atlantic stargazer”)
• تپه پنجرهسی (tepe penceresi, “skylight”)
• تپه‌جك (tepecik, “small hill”)
• تپه‌لتمك (tepeletmek, “to make or let be knocked on the head”)
• تپه‌لك (tepelik, “anything that serves as a summit”)
• تپه‌لمك (tepelemek, “to knock on the head”)
• تپه‌لندرمك (tepelendirmek, “to make or let become a peak”)
• تپه‌لنمك (tepelenmek, “to become formed into a peak”)
• تپه‌لو (tepeli, “crested”)
• تپه‌یه صچرامق (tepeye sıçramak, “to boil with rage”)
• مالتپه (maltepe, “Maltepe, a district of Turkey”)

Descendants

• Turkish: tepe, (dialectal) depe
  • → English: tepe
• → Albanian: tepe
• → Armenian: թեփե (tʻepʻe), թափա (tʻapʻa)
• → Bulgarian: тепе n (tepe)
• → Georgian: თეფე (tepe)
  • → Bats: თეფ class jj (tep)
• → Greek: τεπέ n (tepé)
  • ⇒ Greek: τεπές m (tepés)
• → Laz: თეფე (tepe)
• → Persian: تپه (tappe)

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881), “تپه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 440
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “tepe”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4739
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838), “تپه”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[2], Vienna: F. Beck, page 146a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “تپه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 342
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Collis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 202
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “تپه”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 1064
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “tepe”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “تپه”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 492

Persian

Alternative forms

• تیپه (tēppa) (Tajik)

Etymology

From a Turkic source, such as Azerbaijani təpə, Uzbek tepa, Ottoman Turkish تپه (tepe). Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *tepe.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ta.ˈpa/, /tap.ˈpa/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.pʰä]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.pʰä]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.pʰä], [t̪ʰäp.pʰä]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.pʰä], [t̪ʰäp.pʰä]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰæpʰ.pʰe]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰep.pʰä]

Readings
Classical reading?	tapa, tappa
Dari reading?	tapa
Iranian reading?	tappe
Tajik reading?	teppa

Noun

Dari	تپه
Iranian Persian
Tajik	теппа

تپه • (tappe) (plural تپه‌ها (tappe-hâ))

1. hill

   Synonyms: تنب (tomb), تبره (tabare)

   • c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “Tale of Suhrāb”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]‎^[7]:

     به پیری بسی دیدم آوردگاه
     بسی بر زمین پست کردم سپاه
     تپه شد بسی دیو در جنگ من
     ندیدم بدان سو که بودم شکن

     ba pīrī basē dīdam awardgāh
     basē bar zamīn pušt kardam sipāh
     tapa šud dēw dar jang-i man
     na-dīdam bad-ān sō ki būdam šikan

     In my old age, many battles have I seen;
     Many armies on the earth have I put to rout.
     The demons became a hill [of corpses] in my war,
     I have not seen myself likewise defeated.

     (Classical Persian romanization)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “تپه”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim