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جهان

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Azerbaijani

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Noun

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جهان

  1. Arabic spelling of cəhan

Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology

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From Persian جهان (jahân).

Noun

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جهان (cihan)

  1. world
  2. universe
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Descendants

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  • Turkish: cihan

Proper noun

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جهان (cihan)

  1. a male given name, Jahan

Descendants

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Persian

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Persian [script needed] (gyhʾn' /⁠gēhān⁠/, worldly creatures, world),[1] from Proto-Iranian *gayθānām, the genitive plural form of Proto-Iranian *gay-θā- (living, existence) (compare Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬉𐬚𐬁- (gaēθā-, world; creature)),[2] equivalent to Middle Persian [script needed] (gēh) +‎ [script needed] (ān), with the former component from Proto-Iranian *ǰáyH- (to live), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰáyH- (to live), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃- (to live).[3]

The original meaning of the word in Old Iranian and Middle Persian was (worldly) creatures, but the term in late Middle Persian and in Modern Persian came to mean ‘world’ in general.

Doublet of کیهان (keyhân).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? jahān, jihān
Dari reading? jahān
Iranian reading? jahân
Tajik reading? jahon

Noun

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Dari جهان
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҷаҳон

جهان (jahân) (plural جهان‌ها (jahân-hâ))

  1. world; universe
    Synonyms: دنیا (donyâ), گیتی (giti), عالم (âlam)
    جَهانِ آزادjahân-e âzâdthe free world
    • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 161:
      تا که نبض از نام کی گردد جهان
      او بود مقصود جانش در جهان
      tā ki nabz az nām-i kay gardad jihān
      ō buwad maqsūd-i jān-aš dar jahān
      [] so that at whosoever's name her pulse should begin to throb, [he might know that] that person is the object of her soul's desire in the world.
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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Proper noun

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جهان (jahân)

  1. a male or female given name, Jahan
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From جه (jeh, present stem of جستن (jastan, to leap)) +‎ ـان (-ân).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? jihān
Dari reading? jehān
Iranian reading? jehân
Tajik reading? jihon

Adjective

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جهان (jehân)

  1. leaping; bounding
    • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 161:
      تا که نبض از نام کی گردد جهان
      او بود مقصود جانش در جهان
      tā ki nabz az nām-i kay gardad jihān
      ō buwad maqsūd-i jān-aš dar jahān
      [] so that at whosoever's name her pulse should begin to throb, [he might know that] that person is the object of her soul's desire in the world.

References

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  1. ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “gēhān”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 36
  2. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 107-8
  3. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 222-3