حریف

See also: خريف, حریق, حريف, and حريق

Old Anatolian Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرِيف (ḥarīf).

Noun

حریف • (härīf)

1. comrade, colleague
2. (late, derogatory) man

Descendants

• Azerbaijani: hərif
• Gagauz: erif
• Ottoman Turkish: حَرِیف (herîf, harîf)
  • Turkish: herif
  • → Armenian: հարիֆ (harif)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish حریف (härīf), from Arabic حَرِيف (ḥarīf, “patron, client”).

Noun

حریف • (herif or harif) (definite accusative حریفی (herifi, harifi), plural حرفا (hurafa))

1. colleague, coworker, workmate, a fellow member or associate of a profession, staff, academic faculty or other organization

   Synonym: مسلكداش (meslekdaş)

2. comrade, mate, fellow, companion, associate, someone with whom one spends time or accompanies, a friend or partner

   Synonyms: آیاقداش (ayakdaş), رفیق (refik), قولداش (koldaş), همراه (hemrah), یولداش (yoldaş)

3. (derogatory) guy, bloke, bud, fella, dude, chap, bugger, a derogatory term to address a man, especially an ordinary one
   • 1923, Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu, Nur Baba‎^[1], page 76:

     بو حریف دییوب ده كچویرمه

     Bu herif deyip de geçiverme!

     Don't be so quick to underestimate this guy!

Derived terms

• حریفجك (herifcik, “dear little fellow”)

Descendants

• Turkish: herif
• → Armenian: հարիֆ (harif)

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881), “حریف”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 651
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “herif”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1935
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “harîf”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 394
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “حریف”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 504
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Socius”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 1565
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “حریف”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 1752
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “herif”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “حریف”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 781

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic حِرِّيف (ḥirrīf, “pungent, acrid”), perhaps from Aramaic חריף (ḥarrīp̄).

Adjective

حریف • (hirrif or harif)

1. acrid, pungent, acrimonious, sharp and harsh, or bitter and not to the taste

   Synonym: كسكین (keskin)

Derived terms

• حریفیت (hirrifiyet, “acridity, pungency”)

Further reading

click to expand

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “حریف”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[7] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 505
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Mordax”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[8], Vienna, column 1081
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “حریف”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[9], Vienna, column 1752
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “حریف”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[10], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 781

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرِيف (ḥarīf).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ha.ˈriːf/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hä.ɾíːf]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hä.ɾíːf]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔä.ɾíːf]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔä.ɾíf]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [hæ.ɹíːf]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [hä.ɾíf]

Readings
Classical reading?	harīf
Dari reading?	harīf
Iranian reading?	harif
Tajik reading?	harif

Noun

Dari	حریف
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ҳариф

حریف • (harif)

1. rival, opponent; match

   Synonyms: مخالف (moxâlef), رقیب (raqib), دشمن (došman)

   حریف من نیست. ― harif-e man nist. ― He's not my match; he cannot compare to me.

2. (archaic) partner, friend, comrade
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 11:

     نی حریف هر که از یاری برید
     پرده‌‌هایش پرده‌‌های ما درید

     nay harīf-i har ki az yārē barīd
     parda-hā-yaš parda-hā-yi mā darīd

     The reed is the comrade of every one who has been parted from a friend: its strains pierced our hearts.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Derived terms

• حریفی (harifi, “rivalry; belligerent”)