خشن
Arabic
Etymology
From the root خ ش ن (ḵ-š-n).
Verb
خَشُنَ • (ḵašuna) I, non-past يَخْشُنُ (yaḵšunu)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
خَشُنَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun خُشُونَة)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ḵušūna | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ḵāšin | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḵašuntu |
ḵašunta |
خَشُنَ ḵašuna |
ḵašuntumā |
ḵašunā |
ḵašunnā |
ḵašuntum |
ḵašunū | |||
f | ḵašunti |
ḵašunat |
ḵašunatā |
ḵašuntunna |
خَشُنَّ ḵašunna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaḵšunu |
taḵšunu |
yaḵšunu |
taḵšunāni |
yaḵšunāni |
naḵšunu |
taḵšunūna |
yaḵšunūna | |||
f | taḵšunīna |
taḵšunu |
taḵšunāni |
taḵšunna |
yaḵšunna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaḵšuna |
taḵšuna |
yaḵšuna |
taḵšunā |
yaḵšunā |
naḵšuna |
taḵšunū |
yaḵšunū | |||
f | taḵšunī |
taḵšuna |
taḵšunā |
taḵšunna |
yaḵšunna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaḵšun |
taḵšun |
yaḵšun |
taḵšunā |
yaḵšunā |
naḵšun |
taḵšunū |
yaḵšunū | |||
f | taḵšunī |
taḵšun |
taḵšunā |
taḵšunna |
yaḵšunna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | uḵšun |
uḵšunā |
uḵšunū |
||||||||
f | uḵšunī |
uḵšunna |
Verb
خَشَّنَ • (ḵaššana) II, non-past يُخَشِّنُ (yuḵaššinu)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
خَشَّنَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taḵšīn | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muḵaššin | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muḵaššan | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḵaššantu |
ḵaššanta |
خَشَّنَ ḵaššana |
ḵaššantumā |
ḵaššanā |
ḵaššannā |
ḵaššantum |
ḵaššanū | |||
f | ḵaššanti |
ḵaššanat |
ḵaššanatā |
ḵaššantunna |
خَشَّنَّ ḵaššanna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuḵaššinu |
tuḵaššinu |
yuḵaššinu |
tuḵaššināni |
yuḵaššināni |
nuḵaššinu |
tuḵaššinūna |
yuḵaššinūna | |||
f | tuḵaššinīna |
tuḵaššinu |
tuḵaššināni |
tuḵaššinna |
yuḵaššinna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuḵaššina |
tuḵaššina |
yuḵaššina |
tuḵaššinā |
yuḵaššinā |
nuḵaššina |
tuḵaššinū |
yuḵaššinū | |||
f | tuḵaššinī |
tuḵaššina |
tuḵaššinā |
tuḵaššinna |
yuḵaššinna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuḵaššin |
tuḵaššin |
yuḵaššin |
tuḵaššinā |
yuḵaššinā |
nuḵaššin |
tuḵaššinū |
yuḵaššinū | |||
f | tuḵaššinī |
tuḵaššin |
tuḵaššinā |
tuḵaššinna |
yuḵaššinna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | خَشِّنْ ḵaššin |
ḵaššinā |
ḵaššinū |
||||||||
f | ḵaššinī |
خَشِّنَّ ḵaššinna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḵuššintu |
ḵuššinta |
خُشِّنَ ḵuššina |
ḵuššintumā |
ḵuššinā |
ḵuššinnā |
ḵuššintum |
ḵuššinū | |||
f | ḵuššinti |
ḵuššinat |
ḵuššinatā |
ḵuššintunna |
خُشِّنَّ ḵuššinna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuḵaššanu |
tuḵaššanu |
yuḵaššanu |
tuḵaššanāni |
yuḵaššanāni |
nuḵaššanu |
tuḵaššanūna |
yuḵaššanūna | |||
f | tuḵaššanīna |
tuḵaššanu |
tuḵaššanāni |
tuḵaššanna |
yuḵaššanna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuḵaššana |
tuḵaššana |
yuḵaššana |
tuḵaššanā |
yuḵaššanā |
nuḵaššana |
tuḵaššanū |
yuḵaššanū | |||
f | tuḵaššanī |
tuḵaššana |
tuḵaššanā |
tuḵaššanna |
yuḵaššanna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuḵaššan |
tuḵaššan |
yuḵaššan |
tuḵaššanā |
yuḵaššanā |
nuḵaššan |
tuḵaššanū |
yuḵaššanū | |||
f | tuḵaššanī |
tuḵaššan |
tuḵaššanā |
tuḵaššanna |
yuḵaššanna |
Adjective
Audio: | (file) |
خَشِن • (ḵašin) (feminine خَشِنَة (ḵašina), common plural خِشَان (ḵišān), elative أَخْشَن (ʔaḵšan))
- rough (not smooth), hard to the touch; coarse (not fine)
- Antonym: نَاعِم (nāʕim)
- c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 29, Art. 15, pages 386–387:
- والشكوس قال أبو الخير وغيره هو الورد الفحصيّ وقيل البريّ وهو نوعان أحدهما يسمّى بالعجميّة الرحبل ورقه في قدر ورق الزيتون وأطول وأعرض أغبر أحرش وأغصانه خشنة صلبة إلى البياض ما هي تطلع في زمن الربيع نوره كالورد حمراء فائتة وفي وسطها صفرة وهذا هو المسمّى الورد الفحصيّ ويقال إن الورد إن ركب فيه فينجب والنوع الثاني من الشكوس ورقه أصغر من ورق الأول وأشدّ خضرة وهو أحرش بين الاستدار والطول وأغضانه إلى الحمراء ما هي تطلع وردا أبيضا ناصعة في وسطها وكلاهما لاحق بالأشجار.
- And the rockrose, say Abū al-Ḵayr and others, is the field rose, and also the land rose, it is said, and there are two kinds: One is called in Berber raḥbal and its leaves are of the dimensions of the leaves of the olive but longer and wider, more gray and rugged, and its branches are rough, stiff and lean into white, and in spring it blossoms in roses of a red hue you almost miss, and in their mid there is yellow and this is called field rose, and it is said that if a rose is grafted onto it it will prevail. The second kind of rockrose has smaller leaves than the first, of a more intense green, and it is more rugged around and along, and its branches lean into red and spawn white roses, vivid in the middle. And both liaise with trees.
- rude, uncouth, rough of manners
- tough (life)
- hoarse, gruff, raspy, gravelly
- Antonym: نَاعِم (nāʕim)
Declension
Declension of adjective خَشِن (ḵašin)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | خَشِن ḵašin |
الْخَشِن al-ḵašin |
خَشِنَة ḵašina |
الْخَشِنَة al-ḵašina |
Nominative | خَشِنٌ ḵašinun |
الْخَشِنُ al-ḵašinu |
خَشِنَةٌ ḵašinatun |
الْخَشِنَةُ al-ḵašinatu |
Accusative | خَشِنًا ḵašinan |
الْخَشِنَ al-ḵašina |
خَشِنَةً ḵašinatan |
الْخَشِنَةَ al-ḵašinata |
Genitive | خَشِنٍ ḵašinin |
الْخَشِنِ al-ḵašini |
خَشِنَةٍ ḵašinatin |
الْخَشِنَةِ al-ḵašinati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | خَشِنَيْن ḵašinayn |
الْخَشِنَيْن al-ḵašinayn |
خَشِنَتَيْن ḵašinatayn |
الْخَشِنَتَيْن al-ḵašinatayn |
Nominative | خَشِنَانِ ḵašināni |
الْخَشِنَانِ al-ḵašināni |
خَشِنَتَانِ ḵašinatāni |
الْخَشِنَتَانِ al-ḵašinatāni |
Accusative | خَشِنَيْنِ ḵašinayni |
الْخَشِنَيْنِ al-ḵašinayni |
خَشِنَتَيْنِ ḵašinatayni |
الْخَشِنَتَيْنِ al-ḵašinatayni |
Genitive | خَشِنَيْنِ ḵašinayni |
الْخَشِنَيْنِ al-ḵašinayni |
خَشِنَتَيْنِ ḵašinatayni |
الْخَشِنَتَيْنِ al-ḵašinatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
basic broken plural triptote | basic broken plural triptote | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | خِشَان ḵišān |
الْخِشَان al-ḵišān |
خِشَان ḵišān |
الْخِشَان al-ḵišān |
Nominative | خِشَانٌ ḵišānun |
الْخِشَانُ al-ḵišānu |
خِشَانٌ ḵišānun |
الْخِشَانُ al-ḵišānu |
Accusative | خِشَانًا ḵišānan |
الْخِشَانَ al-ḵišāna |
خِشَانًا ḵišānan |
الْخِشَانَ al-ḵišāna |
Genitive | خِشَانٍ ḵišānin |
الْخِشَانِ al-ḵišāni |
خِشَانٍ ḵišānin |
الْخِشَانِ al-ḵišāni |
Persian
Etymology
Adjective
خشن • (xašen)
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root خ ش ن
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs by conjugation
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs
- Arabic verbs lacking passive forms
- Arabic intransitive verbs
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound form-II verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic terms with audio links
- Arabic adjectives
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic adjectives with basic triptote singular
- Arabic adjectives with triptote singular in -a
- Arabic adjectives with broken plural
- Arabic adjectives with basic triptote broken plural
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian lemmas
- Persian adjectives