درویش

See also: درويش

Azerbaijani

Noun

درویش

1. Arabic spelling of dərviş

Khalaj

Noun

دَرویش (dərvîş) (definite accusative دَرویشی, plural دَرویشلَر)

1. Arabic spelling of dərvîş (“dervish”)

Declension

Declension of درویش

	singular	plural
nominative	درویش	درویشلَر
genitive	درویشۆݧ	درویشلَریݧ
dative	درویشکه	درویشلَرکه
definite accusative	درویشۆ	درویشلَری
locative	درویشچه	درویشلَرچه
ablative	درویشده	درویشلَرده
instrumental	درویشله	درویشلَرله
equative	درویشوارا	درویشلَروارا

Ottoman Turkish

درویش

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian درویش (darviš, “indigent, poor; dervish”), from Middle Persian dlgwš (driyōš, “poor, needy”).

Noun

درویش • (dervîş) (definite accusative درویشی (dervîši), plural درویشلر (dervîşler) or دراویش (derâvîş))

1. pauper, poor, indigent, lack-all, a person in need or in poverty, also the poor people of a society

   Synonym: فقیر (fakir)

2. (Sufism) dervish, an itinerant Sufi mystic practicing voluntary poverty in devotion to God

   Synonym: دده (dede)

Derived terms

• درویشانه (dervîşâne, “poor man's fare”)
• درویشلك (dervîşlik, “state or condition of a dervish”)
• درویشی (dervîşî, “state or condition of a dervish”)

Descendants

• Turkish: derviş
• → Albanian: dervish
• → Belarusian: дэ́рвіш (dérviš)
• → Bulgarian: дерви́ш (dervíš)
• → Catalan: dervix
• → Czech: derviš
• → Danish: dervish
• → English: dervish
• → Estonian: derviš
• → Finnish: dervissi
• → French: derviche
• → German: Derwisch
  • → Dutch: derwisj
• → Greek: δερβίσης (dervísis)
• → Hungarian: dervis
• → Italian: derviscio
• → Lithuanian: dervišas
• → Macedonian: дервиш (derviš)
• → Norwegian: dervisj
• → Polish: derwisz
• → Portuguese: dervixe
• → Romanian: derviș
• → Russian: де́рвиш (dérviš)
• → Serbo-Croatian:
  • Cyrillic script: дѐрвӣш
  • Latin script: dèrvīš
• → Slovak: derviš
• → Slovene: derviš
• → Spanish: derviche
• → Swedish: dervisch
• → Ukrainian: де́рвіш (dérviš)

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881), “درویش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 736
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “derviş”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1177
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838), “درویش”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 223a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “درویش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 570
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Pauper”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1255
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “درویش”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 2067
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “derviş”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “درویش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 898

Persian

Alternative forms

• درغوش (darġuš, darġôš), دریوش (daryuš, daryôš), درغویش (darġêš)

Etymology

From earlier دریوش (daryuš, daryôš), from درغوش (darġuš, darġôš), from Middle Persian [script needed] (dlgwš /⁠driyōš⁠/).

Pronunciation

Dari	دَرویش
Iranian Persian
Tajik	дарвеш

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /dar.ˈweːʃ/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äɾ.wéːʃ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äɾ.wéːʃ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪äɾ.wéːʃ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪äɾ.wéːʃ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æɹ.víːʃ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äɾ.véʃ]

Readings
Classical reading?	darwēš
Dari reading?	darwēš
Iranian reading?	darviš
Tajik reading?	darveš

Adjective

دَرویش • (darvêš) (comparative دَرویش‌تَر, superlative دَرویش‌تَرین)

1. poor, needy

Noun

دَرویش • (darvêš) (plural دَرویشان (darvêšân), or دَرویش‌ها (darvêš-hâ), or دَراوِیش (darâviš))

1. indigent, poor, especially a worthy one
2. a poor, indigent, ascetic, and abstemious person or recluse; Dervish, Sufi
   • Hafez

     در این بازار اگر سودیست با درویش خرسند است
     خدایا منعمم گردان به درویشی و خرسندی

     dar în bâzâr agar sûdêst bâ darvêš-i xursand ast
     xudâyâ mun'imam gardân ba darvêšî u xursandî

     If there is any merit to be gained in this world, it is that attained by the contented dervish. O Lord, grant me the blessings of holy indigence and contentment

Derived terms

• دَرویشانه (darvêšâne)
• دَرویشی (darvêši)

Descendants

• → Arabic: دَرْوِيش (darwīš)
• → Azerbaijani: dərviş
• → Bashkir: дәрүиш (dərwiş)
• → Bengali: দরবেশ (dorbeś)
• → Chagatai: دَرویش (drwyš)
  • Uyghur: دەرۋىش (derwish)
  • Uzbek: darvesh
• → Gujarati: દરવેશ (darveś), દર્વિશ (darviś)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: दरवेश (darveś)

  Urdu: دَرْویش (darveś)

• → Kazakh: дәруіш (däruış)
• → Khalaj: dərvîş
• → Malay: darwis
  • Indonesian: darwis
• → Ottoman Turkish: دَرویش (dervîş) (see there for further descendants)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਦਰਵੇਸ਼ (darveś)

  Shahmukhi script: دَرْویش (darveś)

• → Sindhi: دَرويشُ (daroeśu)
• → Tatar: дәрвиш (därwiş)
• → Turkmen: derwüş

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “درویش”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press, retrieved درغوش, page دریوش: “درغویش”
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “driyōš”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 27
• Mansour Shaki, Hamid Algar (December 15, 1994), "DARVĪŠ" in Encyclopaedia Iranica, last updated November 18, 2011

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian درویش (darwēš).

Noun

درویش • (darveś) m (Hindi spelling दरवेश)

1. (Islam) Dervish; dervish