رشک

Persian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾlyšk' /⁠arešk⁠/), 𐫡𐫏𐫢𐫐 (ryšk /⁠rešk⁠/, “envy”), a suffixed form of Proto-Indo-Iranian *Harš- (“envy”), perhaps borrowed from Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬯𐬐𐬀- (araska-, “envy”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ers-. Cognate with Sanskrit ईर्ष्यति (īrṣyati, “to envy”), Old English irsian (“to be angry”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɾaʃk]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [räʃk]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [räʃk]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [räʃk]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [räʃk]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɹæʃkʲ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɾäʃk]

Readings
Classical reading?	rašk
Dari reading?	rašk
Iranian reading?	rašk
Tajik reading?	rašk

Noun

رشک • (rašk)

1. envy (emotion)

   Synonyms: حسادت (hasâdat), حسد (hasad)

2. envy (object of emotion)
   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 309”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[1]:

     شاهدی از لطف و پاکی رشک آب زندگی
     دلبری در حسن و خوبی غیرت ماه تمام

     šāhidē az lutf u pākī rašk-i āb-i zindagī
     dilbarē dar husn u xūbī ğayrat-i māh-i tamām

     A pretty one whose grace and purity is the envy of the Water of Life,
     A heart-snatcher whose beauty and fairness raise the ire of the full moon.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *Horgʰi- (“nit”), related to Sanskrit रिक्षा (rikṣā, “nit”), Latin ricinus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɾiʃk]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [rɪʃk]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [rɪʃk]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [rɪʃk]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [riʃk]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɹeʃkʲ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɾiʃk]

Readings
Classical reading?	rišk
Dari reading?	rišk
Iranian reading?	rešk
Tajik reading?	rišk

Noun

رشک • (rešk)

1. nit

Further reading

• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “رشک”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, pages 40b–41a
• Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 357

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رشک (rašk).

Noun

رشک • (rašk) m (Hindi spelling रश्क)

1. jealousy, envy, malice