زنده

See also: ژنده and رنده

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zy(w)ndk' /⁠zīndag⁠/). Equivalent to زی (ziy) +‎ ـنده (ande), with زی (ziy) being the present stem of زیستن (zistan).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /zin.ˈda/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zɪn̪.d̪á]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zɪn̪.d̪á]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zɪn̪.d̪á]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zin̪.d̪á]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zen̪.d̪é]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zin̪.d̪á]

Readings
Classical reading?	zinda
Dari reading?	zinda
Iranian reading?	zende
Tajik reading?	zinda

Adjective

زنده • (zinda / zende) (Tajik spelling зинда)

1. alive
   • 10^th Century CE, Firdawsī, Šāhnāma

     از آن پس نمیرم که من زنده‌ام
     که تخم سخن من پراگنده‌ام

     az ān pas namīram ki man zinda-am
     ki tuxm-i saxwan man parāganda-'am

     I shall stay alive for ever
     for I am the one who has spread the word!

2. living

   درختان هم زنده‌اند! ― deraxtân ham zende-'and! ― Trees are living too!

3. (broadcasting) live

Derived terms

• زنده باد (zinda bād / zende bâd, “long live, zindabad”)
• زندگی (zindagī / zendegi, “life, existence”)

Descendants

• → Bengali: জিন্দা (zinda)
• → Old Anatolian Turkish: زندہ (zinde)
• → Urdu: زندہ (zinda)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zndk' /⁠zandag⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /zan.ˈda/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zän̪.d̪á]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zän̪.d̪á]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zän̪.d̪á]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zän̪.d̪á]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zæn̪.d̪é]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zän̪.d̪á]

Readings
Classical reading?	zanda
Dari reading?	zanda
Iranian reading?	zande
Tajik reading?	zanda

Adjective

زنده • (zanda / zande) (comparative زنده‌تَر, superlative زنده‌تَرین, Tajik spelling занда)

1. (archaic) colossal and formidable
   • 10^th Century CE, Firdawsī, Šāhnāma

     سوی سام نَیرَم نِهادند روی
     اَبا زَنده پیلان پرخاشجوی

     sōy-i sām nayram nihādand rōy
     abā zanda pīlān-i parxāšjōy

     They embarked upon their campaign towards Sām,
     with their formidable, rampant war elephants.

Related terms

• ژَنده (žande)
• گُنده (gonde)

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “زنده”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press.