زنده

See also: ژنده and رنده

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zy(w)ndk' /⁠zīndag⁠/). Equivalent to زی (ziy) +‎ ـنده (ande), with زی (ziy) being the present stem of زیستن (zistan).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /zin.ˈda/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zɪn̪.d̪ǽ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zɪn̪.d̪ǽ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zɪn̪.d̪ǽ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zin̪.d̪ǽ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zen̪.d̪é]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zin̪.d̪ǽ]

Readings
Classical reading?	zinda
Dari reading?	zinda
Iranian reading?	zende
Tajik reading?	zinda

Adjective

زنده • (zende)

1. alive
   • 10^th Century CE, Ferdowsi, Shahnameh

     از آن پس نمیرم که من زنده‌ام
     که تخم سخن من پراگنده‌ام

     az ân pas namiram ke man zende-am
     ke toxm-e soxan man parâgande-'am

     I shall stay alive for ever
     for I am the one who has spread the word!

2. living

   درختان هم زنده‌اند! ― deraxtân ham zende-'and! ― Trees are living too!

Derived terms

• زندگی (zendegi, zendagi, “life, existence”)
• زنده باد (zenda bâd, zenda bâd, “long live, zindabad”)

Descendants

• → Bengali: জিন্দা (zinda)
• → Old Anatolian Turkish: زندہ (zinde)
• → Urdu: زندہ (zinda)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zndk' /⁠zandag⁠/).

Adjective

زنده • (zande) (comparative زنده‌تَر, superlative زنده‌تَرین)

1. (archaic) colossal and formidable
   • 10^th Century CE, Ferdowsi, Shahnameh

     سوی سام نِیرَم نِهادند روی
     اَبا زَنده پیلان پرخاشجوی

     soy-e sâme neyram nehâdand ruy
     abâ zande pilân-e parxâšjuy

     They embarked upon their campaign towards Sām,
     with their formidable, rampant war elephants.

Related terms

• ژَنده (žande)
• گُنده (gonde)

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “زنده”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press