شبر

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Arabic[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

A trade term presumably acquired by Arabic when it was employed for transactions to the north of the Peninsula in farther antiquity, from Hebrew שֶׁבֶר (šeḇer) in a vocalization more conservative than the Tiberian one, or from Ammonite or Old Aramaic, or even directly Akkadian 𒆬𒉻𒁺 (KU₃.PAD.DU /⁠šibirtu, šabartu, šebirtu, šipirtu⁠/, “break, fragment, lump of a stone or ore etc.”), derivations of Proto-Semitic *ṯabar- (“to break in twain”), the later Aramaic parallel to which also was borrowed by Arabic as تِبْر (tibr, “pure ore of gold or silver”).

Noun[edit]

شِبْر • (šibr) m (plural أَشْبَار (ʔašbār))

  1. span (the measure of the hand)
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun شِبْر (šibr)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شِبْر
šibr 		الشِّبْر
aš-šibr 		شِبْر
šibr
Nominative شِبْرٌ
šibrun 		الشِّبْرُ
aš-šibru 		شِبْرُ
šibru
Accusative شِبْرًا
šibran 		الشِّبْرَ
aš-šibra 		شِبْرَ
šibra
Genitive شِبْرٍ
šibrin 		الشِّبْرِ
aš-šibri 		شِبْرِ
šibri
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شِبْرَيْن
šibrayn 		الشِّبْرَيْن
aš-šibrayn 		شِبْرَيْ
šibray
Nominative شِبْرَانِ
šibrāni 		الشِّبْرَانِ
aš-šibrāni 		شِبْرَا
šibrā
Accusative شِبْرَيْنِ
šibrayni 		الشِّبْرَيْنِ
aš-šibrayni 		شِبْرَيْ
šibray
Genitive شِبْرَيْنِ
šibrayni 		الشِّبْرَيْنِ
aš-šibrayni 		شِبْرَيْ
šibray
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَشْبَار
ʔašbār 		الْأَشْبَار
al-ʔašbār 		أَشْبَار
ʔašbār
Nominative أَشْبَارٌ
ʔašbārun 		الْأَشْبَارُ
al-ʔašbāru 		أَشْبَارُ
ʔašbāru
Accusative أَشْبَارًا
ʔašbāran 		الْأَشْبَارَ
al-ʔašbāra 		أَشْبَارَ
ʔašbāra
Genitive أَشْبَارٍ
ʔašbārin 		الْأَشْبَارِ
al-ʔašbāri 		أَشْبَارِ
ʔašbāri
Derived terms[edit]
  • شَبَرَ (šabara, “to mete with the span”)
  • شَبَّرَ (šabbara, “to magnify; to gesture”)
  • أَشْبَرَ (ʔašbara, “to beget children tall in the statures; to donate”)
  • تَشَبَّرَ (tašabbara, “to be of a large stature”)
  • تَشَابَرَ (tašābara, “to approach each other in battle closely”)
  • أَشْبَر (ʔašbar, “wider in the span”)

Verb[edit]

شَبَرَ • (šabara) I, non-past يَشْبُرُ or يَشْبِرُ‎ (yašburu or yašbiru)

  1. to mete with the span, to apportion by the شِبْر (šibr)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
شَبَرَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun شَبْر)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
شَبْر

šabr
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
šābir
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
mašbūr
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
šabartu
šabarta
شَبَرَ

šabara
šabartumā
šabarā
šabarnā
šabartum
šabarū
f
šabarti
šabarat
šabaratā
šabartunna
šabarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔašburu or ʔašbiru
tašburu or tašbiru
yašburu or yašbiru
tašburāni or tašbirāni
yašburāni or yašbirāni
našburu or našbiru
tašburūna or tašbirūna
yašburūna or yašbirūna
f
tašburīna or tašbirīna
tašburu or tašbiru
tašburāni or tašbirāni
tašburna or tašbirna
yašburna or yašbirna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔašbura or ʔašbira
tašbura or tašbira
yašbura or yašbira
tašburā or tašbirā
yašburā or yašbirā
našbura or našbira
tašburū or tašbirū
yašburū or yašbirū
f
tašburī or tašbirī
tašbura or tašbira
tašburā or tašbirā
tašburna or tašbirna
yašburna or yašbirna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔašbur or ʔašbir
tašbur or tašbir
yašbur or yašbir
tašburā or tašbirā
yašburā or yašbirā
našbur or našbir
tašburū or tašbirū
yašburū or yašbirū
f
tašburī or tašbirī
tašbur or tašbir
tašburā or tašbirā
tašburna or tašbirna
yašburna or yašbirna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
ušbur or išbir
ušburā or išbirā
ušburū or išbirū
f
ušburī or išbirī
ušburna or išbirna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
šubirtu
šubirta
شُبِرَ

šubira
šubirtumā
šubirā
šubirnā
šubirtum
šubirū
f
šubirti
šubirat
šubiratā
šubirtunna
šubirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔušbaru
tušbaru
yušbaru
tušbarāni
yušbarāni
nušbaru
tušbarūna
yušbarūna
f
tušbarīna
tušbaru
tušbarāni
tušbarna
yušbarna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔušbara
tušbara
yušbara
tušbarā
yušbarā
nušbara
tušbarū
yušbarū
f
tušbarī
tušbara
tušbarā
tušbarna
yušbarna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔušbar
tušbar
yušbar
tušbarā
yušbarā
nušbar
tušbarū
yušbarū
f
tušbarī
tušbar
tušbarā
tušbarna
yušbarna

Noun[edit]

شَبْر • (šabr) m

  1. verbal noun of شَبَرَ (šabara) (form I)
  2. dation, gift
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun شَبْر (šabr)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شَبْر
šabr 		الشَّبْر
aš-šabr 		شَبْر
šabr
Nominative شَبْرٌ
šabrun 		الشَّبْرُ
aš-šabru 		شَبْرُ
šabru
Accusative شَبْرًا
šabran 		الشَّبْرَ
aš-šabra 		شَبْرَ
šabra
Genitive شَبْرٍ
šabrin 		الشَّبْرِ
aš-šabri 		شَبْرِ
šabri

Verb[edit]

شَبَّرَ • (šabbara) II, non-past يُشَبِّرُ‎ (yušabbiru)

  1. to magnify, to extol
  2. to gesture, to sign with the hand
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
شَبَّرَ
(form-II sound)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
tašbīr
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
mušabbir
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
mušabbar
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
šabbartu
šabbarta
شَبَّرَ

šabbara
šabbartumā
šabbarā
šabbarnā
šabbartum
šabbarū
f
šabbarti
šabbarat
šabbaratā
šabbartunna
šabbarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔušabbiru
tušabbiru
yušabbiru
tušabbirāni
yušabbirāni
nušabbiru
tušabbirūna
yušabbirūna
f
tušabbirīna
tušabbiru
tušabbirāni
tušabbirna
yušabbirna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔušabbira
tušabbira
yušabbira
tušabbirā
yušabbirā
nušabbira
tušabbirū
yušabbirū
f
tušabbirī
tušabbira
tušabbirā
tušabbirna
yušabbirna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔušabbir
tušabbir
yušabbir
tušabbirā
yušabbirā
nušabbir
tušabbirū
yušabbirū
f
tušabbirī
tušabbir
tušabbirā
tušabbirna
yušabbirna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
شَبِّرْ

šabbir
šabbirā
šabbirū
f
šabbirī
šabbirna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
šubbirtu
šubbirta
شُبِّرَ

šubbira
šubbirtumā
šubbirā
šubbirnā
šubbirtum
šubbirū
f
šubbirti
šubbirat
šubbiratā
šubbirtunna
šubbirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔušabbaru
tušabbaru
yušabbaru
tušabbarāni
yušabbarāni
nušabbaru
tušabbarūna
yušabbarūna
f
tušabbarīna
tušabbaru
tušabbarāni
tušabbarna
yušabbarna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔušabbara
tušabbara
yušabbara
tušabbarā
yušabbarā
nušabbara
tušabbarū
yušabbarū
f
tušabbarī
tušabbara
tušabbarā
tušabbarna
yušabbarna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔušabbar
tušabbar
yušabbar
tušabbarā
yušabbarā
nušabbar
tušabbarū
yušabbarū
f
tušabbarī
tušabbar
tušabbarā
tušabbarna
yušabbarna

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Latin sūber.

Noun[edit]

شُبِر or شُبَر • (šubir or šubar) m

  1. cork oak (Quercus suber)
    • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 34, Art. 6, pages 721–722:
      وقال غيره يتخذ لها الخلايا من خشب الأرز ومن طين طيب الريح وتطين الخلايا من خارجها برماد وأخثاء البقر مدقوق معجون بالماء ويتخذ لها بعض الناس الخلايا من قشور الشبر وتسميه العامة «جناحا»
      And another author said that for beehives cedar wood and clay of good smell is taken and the beehives are daubed from the outside with ash and cow dung powdered and kneaded with water, and some people take for beehives the barks of the cork oak, generally called “wings”.
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun شُبِر (šubir)‎; شُبَر (šubar)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شُبِر‎; شُبَر
šubir‎; šubar 		الشُّبِر‎; الشُّبَر
aš-šubir‎; aš-šubar 		شُبِر‎; شُبَر
šubir‎; šubar
Nominative شُبِرٌ‎; شُبَرٌ
šubirun‎; šubarun 		الشُّبِرُ‎; الشُّبَرُ
aš-šubiru‎; aš-šubaru 		شُبِرُ‎; شُبَرُ
šubiru‎; šubaru
Accusative شُبِرًا‎; شُبَرًا
šubiran‎; šubaran 		الشُّبِرَ‎; الشُّبَرَ
aš-šubira‎; aš-šubara 		شُبِرَ‎; شُبَرَ
šubira‎; šubara
Genitive شُبِرٍ‎; شُبَرٍ
šubirin‎; šubarin 		الشُّبِرِ‎; الشُّبَرِ
aš-šubiri‎; aš-šubari 		شُبِرِ‎; شُبَرِ
šubiri‎; šubari

References[edit]

  • Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 682
  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “شبر”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 719
  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “شبر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 388
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “شبر”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎[3] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1183
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “شبر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎[4], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1495–1496
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “شبر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎[5] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 628
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